有10個英文單詞,可謂無人不知無人不曉。但是,這10個詞,在筆者看來,卻沒有在大多數(shù)同學手中發(fā)揮出應有的功效。在中口筆譯C-E部分中,它們頻頻出現(xiàn),屢建奇功??上У氖?,這10個詞,誰都認識,卻只有少數(shù)人能將其用至化境。本文中,根據(jù)多年來的教學經(jīng)驗和對歷年真題的深入分析,筆者將這10個詞總結成文,一一詳述用法,輔以歷年真題中的相關例句,以期助考生一臂之力。
(1)see/witness
用法:無生命(時間、地點或事物)成分作主語。
經(jīng)濟年均增長速度達到 9.7%。(0303)
China's economy has witnessed a strong/an impressive growth rate of 9.7%.
本公司成立于1988年。(0409)
1988 saw/witnessed the establishment of our company.
古老而美麗的“絲綢之路”,譜寫了中歐千年往來的美好篇章。(0509)
The ancient and beautiful Silk Roadsaw/witnessed the exchanges/communications between China and Europe in/over the past thousands of years.
上海建城有700多年歷史,但最具人文發(fā)展歷史的時期是開埠后的150年間。(1009)
Despite a history of more than 700 years, the 150 years since it opened to foreign traders has witnessed the greatest humane development in Shanghai.
(2)enjoy/boast
用法:表示人或物“有”好的東西。
現(xiàn)代傳媒在信息的傳播速度上有許多優(yōu)勢。(0103)
Modern media enjoy advantages in the speed of information dissemination.
社會保持穩(wěn)定。(0309)
The society enjoys stability.
公司擁有一大批技術人員和管理人員。(0409)
Our company boasts a large number of technical and managerial personnel.
香港有著其獨特的文化氛圍。(0503)
(香港)還有 8 所知名的大學。(0503)
HK enjoys a unique cultural atmosphere.
HK boasts eight prestigious universities.
在廣州的百貨業(yè)中新大新有自己獨特的一面。(0809)
Xindaxin boasts its uniqueness in the general merchandise industry in Guangzhou.
(3)serve as sth/serve to do sth
用法:表示起到了某種功能作用,或者某物“能夠怎么樣”。關鍵是漢語原句中未必出現(xiàn)“起到…作用”之類的字眼。
西部大開發(fā)一定能成為溝通世界各國和中國的一座橋梁。(0303)
The Great Western Development is sure to serve as a bridge between China and the rest world.
廣州市政府無疑起了“紅娘”的作用(0809)
The Guangzhou Municipal Government served as the "matchmaker".
(4)attribute/ascribe/credit A to B
用法:表示因果關系,漢語原句中未必出現(xiàn)“因為”或“所以”。另,A和B必須是名詞性成分。
中國的崛起,是和平的崛起,是依靠自己力量來發(fā)展自己。(0403)
China’s peaceful rise is attributed to its own strength/efforts.
這座城市特殊的歷史和地理因素造就了一種多樣化的文化(0503)
The diverse culture of the city is attributed to its special history and location.
中國贏得 2010 年世界博覽會的舉辦權,靠的是國際社會對中國改革開放的支持和信心。(0703)
China credits its winning to the support and confidence.
(5)featuring/characterized by
用法:專門對付多重四字格結構,即“XXXX,XXXX,XXXX的什么”。
富有活力和長期穩(wěn)定的合作關系(0509)
A partnership featuring/characterized by vigor and long-term/long-time stability
一座朝氣蓬勃,充滿活力,多姿多彩的國際大都市(0603)
an international metropolis featuring/characterized by vigor, vitality and variety.
(6)constitute
用法:表示某物被看成,認作,當成(to be or be considered/regarded as something)
這是…標志性成果,是…歷史性跨越,是…重大貢獻。(0803)
It constitutes the milestone, the historic advance, the momentous contribution.
(7)remind sb of sth
用法:某物讓某人想起/想到/意識到某事。關鍵是,漢語原文中未必出現(xiàn)“回憶”或“回想”之意。
浦西展示了上海的輝煌歲月(0603)
Puxi reminds people of the city's glorious past.
(秒針)每移動一下就是表示我們的壽命已經(jīng)縮短了一部分。(0903)
Every move of the hand reminds us that a portion of our life is lost.
說起上海老城,總會讓人和古老傳統(tǒng)的東西聯(lián)系起來。(1009)
The old town of Shanghai always reminds people of something ancient and traditional.
(8)concern
用法:該詞在使用上的難點是含義及用法較為紛繁(亦即用處廣泛),要用心區(qū)分。
四種常用含義——關心,關注;關系,關聯(lián);擔心,擔憂;重要。
四種常用結構——sth concern sb,sth be the concern of/for sb,sth be of concern to sb,sb be concerned for sth/that clause
未來的城市生活與每一個國家及其人民息息相關。(0703)
The prospect of future urban life concerns every nation and its people.
外界關心的是:……(0809)
……It is of great concern to the outsiders / the public.
(9)access或have access to sth
用法:能夠得到某物/見到某人/進入某地,可以代替can get sth之類結構。
……標志著我國已經(jīng)進入世界具有探測能力的國家行列。(0803)
. .., which marks China's access to the ranking of the world's advanced countries capable of probing the moon.
(10)n
用法:不是某個具體的詞匯,而是表示名詞的n。用法相當廣泛,在C-E部分中,同學可以牢記用n去作英語譯文中各種成分(尤其是謂語動詞),可使譯文結構緊湊、凝練,同時盡可能避免與大部分譯文“撞車”。
本公司成立于 1988 年。(0409)
The establishment of our company dates back to 1988.
試比較:Our company was established in 1988.
豫園是上海著名的古典園林,已有400多年的歷史。(1103)
Yu Yuan Garden, a famous classical garden in Shanghai,boasts a history of more than 400 years.
試比較:Yu Yuan Garden is a famous classical garden and has a history of more than 400 years.