英漢翻譯的原理與實(shí)踐unit11

Unit 11

I、課外練習(xí)參考譯文：

凄風(fēng)細(xì)雨，山路蜿蜒，我毫無(wú)興致驅(qū)車前往女兒卡羅琳的家。可女兒一定要我前去看看山頂上的什么景致。

轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)一條狹窄的小道我們停下車出來(lái)，沿著鋪滿厚厚一層松針的小路走去。頭頂上高大的墨綠色常青樹(shù)聳入云霄。漸漸地這地方的平和寧?kù)o開(kāi)始令我陶醉。然后我們拐了個(gè)彎，我停下了腳步，驚詫不已。

從山頂往下好幾英畝的山坡上，滿是怒放的水仙花，猶如江河直下，越過(guò)山坳，穿過(guò)峽谷，一片五彩繽紛：有潔凈無(wú)比的象牙白，有極其濃郁的檸檬黃，有鮮艷奪目的鮭魚(yú)橙，如同一幅地毯展現(xiàn)在我們面前，令人眼花繚亂。仿佛太陽(yáng)傾翻了，把一片金光溢瀉到了山坡上。

一大堆問(wèn)題在我的腦海中翻騰。誰(shuí)創(chuàng)造了這種美景?為什么要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造?又是如何創(chuàng)造的?

我們走近這塊寶地中央的屋子，只見(jiàn)一塊牌子上寫(xiě)著：我知道你要問(wèn)的問(wèn)題，答案如下。答案一：一位婦女，一雙手，兩只腳 ，而且天資不高。答案二：一次種一株。答案三：開(kāi)始于1958年。

驅(qū)車回家的路上，我為所見(jiàn)的一切感動(dòng)不已，無(wú)言以對(duì)。“她改造了世界，”我終于說(shuō)道。“一次種一株。她幾乎40年前就開(kāi)始了。當(dāng)時(shí)也許只是一念之閃，但她持之以恒。” 這一奇觀令我回味良久。“試想，”我說(shuō)道，“如果我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想，并為之努力，每天干一點(diǎn)，最后我會(huì)做出怎樣的成績(jī)呢?”

II、英漢翻譯原理第五講： 有哪些常用的翻譯技巧?

【例91】 We should help in ways which are mutually beneficial to both developing and developed countries.

×我們應(yīng)以對(duì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家和發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家雙方都有利的方法援助。

【譯文】 我們的援助方法應(yīng)對(duì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家和發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家雙方都有利。

一、詞性轉(zhuǎn)譯法：

(一)轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞：

【例92】 For Westerners in China, the establishment of an effective team of managers means attracting -- and retaining both expatriate and local management talent.

【譯文】 對(duì)于在中國(guó)的西方人來(lái)說(shuō)，建立一支有效的管理人員隊(duì)伍意味著要同時(shí)吸引并留住來(lái)自海外的管理人才和本地的管理人才。

1、名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞：

【例93】 The remembrance of these will add zest to his life.

×對(duì)于這些事情的回想將會(huì)增添他生活的樂(lè)趣。

【譯文】 回想起這些事情，使他的生活增添了樂(lè)趣。

【例94】 He looked on the Convention as a fair and faithful representation of the people.

×他認(rèn)為這次大會(huì)是人民的公正忠實(shí)的代表。

【譯文】 他認(rèn)為這次大會(huì)公正忠實(shí)地代表了人民。

【例95】 Other governmental activities are the responsibilities of the individual states, which have their own constitutions and laws.

×其他政府活動(dòng)則是各個(gè)州的責(zé)任，各州都有自己的憲法和法律。

【譯文】 其他政府職能則由各個(gè)州來(lái)承擔(dān)，各州都有自己的憲法和法律。

【例96】 The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.

【譯文】 看到我們的噴氣式飛機(jī)，聽(tīng)到隆隆的機(jī)聲，我感到特別神往。

【例97】 To my knowledge, some computers have gone missing.

【譯文】 據(jù)我所知，有幾臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)失蹤了。

【例98】 He was a good listener and they would like to talk with him.

×他是個(gè)好聽(tīng)眾，所以他們喜歡同他談話。

【譯文】 他善于聽(tīng)取別人意見(jiàn)，所以他們喜歡同他談心。

2、介詞、副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞：

【例99】 With a rifle across his shoulder the boy was playing the soldier.

【譯文】 那男孩肩上扛著槍在裝士兵。

【例100】 They worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps.

【譯文】 他們吃的是簡(jiǎn)陋的飯菜，住的是寒冷的窯洞，在昏暗的燈光下長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地工作。

【例101】 The street runs westward, across a great bridge, down a hill and up again, by little shops and meat-markets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn.

【譯文】 這條大街向西而去，跨過(guò)一座大橋，延伸下坡后又上坡，經(jīng)過(guò)了幾家店鋪和肉市，又越過(guò)了幾幢平房，最后在一片開(kāi)闊的綠草坪前突然到了盡頭。

【例102】 Training as a salesperson would guarantee her some employment once her schooling was through.

【譯文】 參加推銷員培訓(xùn)就會(huì)確保他在學(xué)業(yè)完成以后能找到工作做。

3、形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動(dòng)詞：

【例103】 He must have been aware that his parents' marriage was breaking up.

【譯文】 他一定已經(jīng)知道父母的婚姻關(guān)系正在破裂。

【例104】 Our computerized stock control system is now operative.

【譯文】 本公司的庫(kù)存管理計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)已運(yùn)行。

【例105】 His indulgent mother was willing to let him do anything he wanted.

【譯文】 他母親很寵他，他不管想干什么她都愿意讓他干。

III、課堂練習(xí)(運(yùn)用各種翻譯技巧，將下列句子譯成流暢通順的漢語(yǔ))：

1.He who is subject to temptations tends to err.

2.It is the first time that the bigger hydraulic motors have been used in a UK application.

3.Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young man's past wrong doings.

4.In the event of any conflict between this paragraph and the production acceptance test schedule, the latter shall prevail,

5.He had never been a medical student, yet he was given one of those rare honorary degrees of Doctor of Science.

6.There were no sounds but that of the tread of the men and the footsteps of the two shaggy ponies which drew the van.

7.He studied law in his spare time and became a lawyer. He was a good speaker and student of political philosophy. His ability finally made a name for him.

8.The interest the United Nations has always shown in this problem, which has been a distinguishing feature of its work since its inception, has increased as the newly independent countries joined its ranks.

IV、課堂練習(xí)參考譯文：

1.不能抗拒誘惑的人往往要犯錯(cuò)誤。

2.這種大功率液壓馬達(dá)在英國(guó)的應(yīng)用尚屬首次。

3.老人在同兒子談話時(shí)寬恕了年輕人過(guò)去的種種劣跡。

4.如本節(jié)所述內(nèi)容與生產(chǎn)驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)規(guī)范相沖突，則以試驗(yàn)規(guī)范為準(zhǔn)。

5.他從來(lái)沒(méi)有上過(guò)醫(yī)學(xué)院，但他卻獲得了理學(xué)博士這樣難得的榮譽(yù)學(xué)位。

6.此時(shí)只聽(tīng)見(jiàn)沙沙的腳步聲和兩匹鬃毛蓬松的拉車小馬得得的馬蹄聲，除此之外，萬(wàn)籟俱寂。

7.他利用業(yè)余時(shí)間攻讀法律，后來(lái)當(dāng)了律師。他口才很好，還精通政治哲學(xué)。他的才能最終使他出了名。

8.聯(lián)合國(guó)對(duì)這一問(wèn)題始終非常關(guān)心，這是它成立以來(lái)工作中的一個(gè)顯著特點(diǎn)。隨著一些新獨(dú)立國(guó)家加入聯(lián)合國(guó)的隊(duì)伍，這種關(guān)心更增強(qiáng)了。

V、課外練習(xí)(將以下短文譯成漢語(yǔ)，注意運(yùn)用各種翻譯技巧使譯文流暢通順)：

The relationship many of us have with nature is characterized by our attitude toward insects. "Ugh! Yuk! There's a bug. Squash it!" It seems that ladybugs and butterflies are the only insects that escape the all-bugs-are-beastly attitude.

Hostility and fear are universally the products of ignorance, and our antagonism is no exception. One cannot deny that insects are a nuisance when their bites become sore, and a threat when they transmit disease, but, viewed dispassionately, even noxious insects are beautiful.

From having studied their fossilized remains, we know that insects have inhabited the earth for nearly 400 million years. Today we find them abundantly everywhere we look. Insects have been discovered on the snow of the polar caps and the peaks of high mountains.

Bees, wasps, ants and termites have intricate societies in which different members are specialized for foraging, defense and reproduction. The life of a worker honeybee is even separated into successive occupations: during the first three weeks the young worker grooms the queen and her eggs, cleans out the hive, cools it by wing-fanning at the entrance, and attacks or walls in intruders. Only after this apprenticeship is the graduate allowed to leave the hive and forage for nectar and pollen.

Add to such behavior the fact that some ants use leaf fragments as spoons in which to carry soft food back to their nest, and one is tempted to describe insects as "intelligent" and begin to make comparisons between insect and human societies.

It saddens me that people deny themselves the simple pleasure of appreciating the exquisite elegance of even the more common insects. Only a moment with a hand lens is required to discover a new world of design and beauty. (288 words)