英漢翻譯的原理與實踐unit11

Unit 11

I、課外練習參考譯文：

凄風細雨，山路蜿蜒，我毫無興致驅(qū)車前往女兒卡羅琳的家?？膳畠阂欢ㄒ仪叭タ纯瓷巾斏系氖裁淳爸?。

轉(zhuǎn)過一條狹窄的小道我們停下車出來，沿著鋪滿厚厚一層松針的小路走去。頭頂上高大的墨綠色常青樹聳入云霄。漸漸地這地方的平和寧靜開始令我陶醉。然后我們拐了個彎，我停下了腳步，驚詫不已。

從山頂往下好幾英畝的山坡上，滿是怒放的水仙花，猶如江河直下，越過山坳，穿過峽谷，一片五彩繽紛：有潔凈無比的象牙白，有極其濃郁的檸檬黃，有鮮艷奪目的鮭魚橙，如同一幅地毯展現(xiàn)在我們面前，令人眼花繚亂。仿佛太陽傾翻了，把一片金光溢瀉到了山坡上。

一大堆問題在我的腦海中翻騰。誰創(chuàng)造了這種美景?為什么要創(chuàng)造?又是如何創(chuàng)造的?

我們走近這塊寶地中央的屋子，只見一塊牌子上寫著：我知道你要問的問題，答案如下。答案一：一位婦女，一雙手，兩只腳 ，而且天資不高。答案二：一次種一株。答案三：開始于1958年。

驅(qū)車回家的路上，我為所見的一切感動不已，無言以對。“她改造了世界，”我終于說道。“一次種一株。她幾乎40年前就開始了。當時也許只是一念之閃，但她持之以恒。” 這一奇觀令我回味良久。“試想，”我說道，“如果我有一個夢想，并為之努力，每天干一點，最后我會做出怎樣的成績呢?”

II、英漢翻譯原理第五講： 有哪些常用的翻譯技巧?

【例91】 We should help in ways which are mutually beneficial to both developing and developed countries.

×我們應以對發(fā)展中國家和發(fā)達國家雙方都有利的方法援助。

【譯文】 我們的援助方法應對發(fā)展中國家和發(fā)達國家雙方都有利。

一、詞性轉(zhuǎn)譯法：

(一)轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞：

【例92】 For Westerners in China, the establishment of an effective team of managers means attracting -- and retaining both expatriate and local management talent.

【譯文】 對于在中國的西方人來說，建立一支有效的管理人員隊伍意味著要同時吸引并留住來自海外的管理人才和本地的管理人才。

1、名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞：

【例93】 The remembrance of these will add zest to his life.

×對于這些事情的回想將會增添他生活的樂趣。

【譯文】 回想起這些事情，使他的生活增添了樂趣。

【例94】 He looked on the Convention as a fair and faithful representation of the people.

×他認為這次大會是人民的公正忠實的代表。

【譯文】 他認為這次大會公正忠實地代表了人民。

【例95】 Other governmental activities are the responsibilities of the individual states, which have their own constitutions and laws.

×其他政府活動則是各個州的責任，各州都有自己的憲法和法律。

【譯文】 其他政府職能則由各個州來承擔，各州都有自己的憲法和法律。

【例96】 The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.

【譯文】 看到我們的噴氣式飛機，聽到隆隆的機聲，我感到特別神往。

【例97】 To my knowledge, some computers have gone missing.

【譯文】 據(jù)我所知，有幾臺計算機失蹤了。

【例98】 He was a good listener and they would like to talk with him.

×他是個好聽眾，所以他們喜歡同他談話。

【譯文】 他善于聽取別人意見，所以他們喜歡同他談心。

2、介詞、副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞：

【例99】 With a rifle across his shoulder the boy was playing the soldier.

【譯文】 那男孩肩上扛著槍在裝士兵。

【例100】 They worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps.

【譯文】 他們吃的是簡陋的飯菜，住的是寒冷的窯洞，在昏暗的燈光下長時間地工作。

【例101】 The street runs westward, across a great bridge, down a hill and up again, by little shops and meat-markets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn.

【譯文】 這條大街向西而去，跨過一座大橋，延伸下坡后又上坡，經(jīng)過了幾家店鋪和肉市，又越過了幾幢平房，最后在一片開闊的綠草坪前突然到了盡頭。

【例102】 Training as a salesperson would guarantee her some employment once her schooling was through.

【譯文】 參加推銷員培訓就會確保他在學業(yè)完成以后能找到工作做。

3、形容詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成動詞：

【例103】 He must have been aware that his parents' marriage was breaking up.

【譯文】 他一定已經(jīng)知道父母的婚姻關系正在破裂。

【例104】 Our computerized stock control system is now operative.

【譯文】 本公司的庫存管理計算機系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)已運行。

【例105】 His indulgent mother was willing to let him do anything he wanted.

【譯文】 他母親很寵他，他不管想干什么她都愿意讓他干。

III、課堂練習(運用各種翻譯技巧，將下列句子譯成流暢通順的漢語)：

1.He who is subject to temptations tends to err.

2.It is the first time that the bigger hydraulic motors have been used in a UK application.

3.Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young man's past wrong doings.

4.In the event of any conflict between this paragraph and the production acceptance test schedule, the latter shall prevail,

5.He had never been a medical student, yet he was given one of those rare honorary degrees of Doctor of Science.

6.There were no sounds but that of the tread of the men and the footsteps of the two shaggy ponies which drew the van.

7.He studied law in his spare time and became a lawyer. He was a good speaker and student of political philosophy. His ability finally made a name for him.

8.The interest the United Nations has always shown in this problem, which has been a distinguishing feature of its work since its inception, has increased as the newly independent countries joined its ranks.

IV、課堂練習參考譯文：

1.不能抗拒誘惑的人往往要犯錯誤。

2.這種大功率液壓馬達在英國的應用尚屬首次。

3.老人在同兒子談話時寬恕了年輕人過去的種種劣跡。

4.如本節(jié)所述內(nèi)容與生產(chǎn)驗收試驗規(guī)范相沖突，則以試驗規(guī)范為準。

5.他從來沒有上過醫(yī)學院，但他卻獲得了理學博士這樣難得的榮譽學位。

6.此時只聽見沙沙的腳步聲和兩匹鬃毛蓬松的拉車小馬得得的馬蹄聲，除此之外，萬籟俱寂。

7.他利用業(yè)余時間攻讀法律，后來當了律師。他口才很好，還精通政治哲學。他的才能最終使他出了名。

8.聯(lián)合國對這一問題始終非常關心，這是它成立以來工作中的一個顯著特點。隨著一些新獨立國家加入聯(lián)合國的隊伍，這種關心更增強了。

V、課外練習(將以下短文譯成漢語，注意運用各種翻譯技巧使譯文流暢通順)：

The relationship many of us have with nature is characterized by our attitude toward insects. "Ugh! Yuk! There's a bug. Squash it!" It seems that ladybugs and butterflies are the only insects that escape the all-bugs-are-beastly attitude.

Hostility and fear are universally the products of ignorance, and our antagonism is no exception. One cannot deny that insects are a nuisance when their bites become sore, and a threat when they transmit disease, but, viewed dispassionately, even noxious insects are beautiful.

From having studied their fossilized remains, we know that insects have inhabited the earth for nearly 400 million years. Today we find them abundantly everywhere we look. Insects have been discovered on the snow of the polar caps and the peaks of high mountains.

Bees, wasps, ants and termites have intricate societies in which different members are specialized for foraging, defense and reproduction. The life of a worker honeybee is even separated into successive occupations: during the first three weeks the young worker grooms the queen and her eggs, cleans out the hive, cools it by wing-fanning at the entrance, and attacks or walls in intruders. Only after this apprenticeship is the graduate allowed to leave the hive and forage for nectar and pollen.

Add to such behavior the fact that some ants use leaf fragments as spoons in which to carry soft food back to their nest, and one is tempted to describe insects as "intelligent" and begin to make comparisons between insect and human societies.

It saddens me that people deny themselves the simple pleasure of appreciating the exquisite elegance of even the more common insects. Only a moment with a hand lens is required to discover a new world of design and beauty. (288 words)