世界節(jié)假日博覽 第35期:國(guó)際母語(yǔ)日

　　International Mother Language Day (IMLD) is observed every year by member states of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). It started in 1999 with the purpose of promoting linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism. It also aims at protecting the hundreds of languages around the world that are in danger of dying out. The day has its origins in Bangladesh, who had celebrated its own language with its own Language Movement Day in 1952. Several Bangladeshi students were killed by police for campaigning for the Bangla language to be included as a main language in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Even though their protests were peaceful, the police opened fire.

　　每年，聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織成員國(guó)都會(huì)慶祝國(guó)際母語(yǔ)日。該節(jié)日成立于1999年，其目的是要促進(jìn)語(yǔ)言和文化的多元性，以及多語(yǔ)種化。它還有保護(hù)全球上百種語(yǔ)言瀕臨消亡的目的。該節(jié)日起源于孟加拉國(guó)，1952年，孟加拉舉辦了自己的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)動(dòng)日。由于參與了宣傳讓孟加拉語(yǔ)進(jìn)入到東巴基斯坦(今孟加拉國(guó))的主要語(yǔ)言體系當(dāng)中，多名學(xué)生遭到警方殺害。盡管他們的抗議活動(dòng)在和平中進(jìn)行，但是警方還是開了槍。

　　UNESCO stated that "by deciding to celebrate mother tongues…member states wished to recall that languages are not only an essential part of humanity's cultural heritage, but the irreducible expression of human creativity and of its great diversity." IMLD celebrates the fact that 6,000 languages are spoken around the world today. Each year has had a special theme. In 2002, UNESCO promoted its ‘3,000 Languages in Danger’ campaign. In 2005, peoplecommemorated Braille and sign languages. A UNESCO spokesperson said “Languages are the mirror of the souls of the societies in which they are born.” The former President of Iceland said languages were "humanity's most precious and fragile treasures."

　　聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織稱：“慶祝母語(yǔ)日，成員國(guó)希望了解到的是，語(yǔ)言不僅僅是人類文化遺產(chǎn)中最主要的組成部分，更重要的是，它也是表達(dá)人類活動(dòng)以及多樣性的不可忽視的一部分。”國(guó)際母語(yǔ)日要慶祝的是如今全球有6000種語(yǔ)言。每年都會(huì)舉辦特殊的主題活動(dòng)。2002年，教科文組織宣傳了“正在瀕臨消亡的3000種語(yǔ)言”活動(dòng)。2005年，人們慶祝了盲文和手語(yǔ)。一位教科文發(fā)言人稱：“語(yǔ)言是一面反應(yīng)社會(huì)靈魂的鏡子。”冰島前總統(tǒng)稱語(yǔ)言是人類最寶貴也是最脆弱的珍寶。”

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