<例句>
She sat with her arms clasped round her knees.
她雙手抱膝坐著。
<語法分析>
介詞with后面跟一個包含有過去分詞clasped的復(fù)合賓語,某些動詞后面也可用過去分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。過去分詞通常由動詞原形加-ed構(gòu)成,此外還有少數(shù)不規(guī)則的形式。過去分詞沒有時的特征,也沒有體和語態(tài)的變化,除了具有動詞的性之外,還具有形容詞和副詞的性質(zhì),在句中可以充當很多成分如謂語、表語、定語以及狀語和復(fù)合賓語等。
<觸類旁通>
(1) She was amazed and enchanted at the sight.
看到這情景她很驚奇和著迷。
語法分析:過去分詞作表語的時候居多,大部分已變成形容詞。
(2) The door is broken.
門破了。
語法分析:“be+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)表示一種狀態(tài),這種結(jié)構(gòu)都含有be或其他系動詞加過去分詞,這與被動結(jié)構(gòu)是有區(qū)別的,被動語態(tài)則表示一個動作。
(3) Her face wore a puzzled expression.
她的臉上有一種困惑的表情。
語法分析:大部分的過去分詞可以用作定語,尤其是那些表示情緒的詞。
(4) Is there anything planned for tonight?
今晚有什么活動嗎?
語法分析:有些過去分詞短語跟在所修飾詞的后面,作用相當于一個定語從句。
(5) I do consider myself justified in doing so.
我的確認為我這樣做是有道理的。
語法分析:在某些動詞后面,可以跟過去分詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合賓語。
(6) Given good weather, our ship will reach there on Sunday evening.
如果天氣好,我們的船將在星期天晚上到達那兒。
語法分析:在少數(shù)情況下,過去分詞可以引導(dǎo)一個狀語從句。
<鞏固練習(xí)>
1. _____[Provide] that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting there.
2. She will come if _____[ask].
3. _____[Convince] that they were trying to poison her, she refused to eat anything.
4. I knew nothing about the experiment _____[conduct] there.
5. Her ______[embarrass] manner increased his doubt.
6. She was _____[astonish] to see her father.
7. How much time is there _____[leave]?
<參考答案>
1. Provided 2. asked 3. Convinced 4. being conducted 5. embarrassed 6. astonished 7. left