考研英語(yǔ)閱讀:研發(fā)經(jīng)費(fèi)普降

R&D Spending Drops at Major Firms

研發(fā)經(jīng)費(fèi)普降

Research and development spending at major companies declined last year for the first time in more than a decade, according to a survey by management consulting firm Booz & Co.

管理咨詢公司Booz & Co.的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，去年大公司在研發(fā)方面的投入出現(xiàn)了10 多年以來(lái)的首次下降。

The cuts last year were concentrated in auto, computing, electronics and industrial companies, some of the biggest spenders.

對(duì)研發(fā)支出作出削減的行業(yè)主要包括汽車(chē)、計(jì)算機(jī)、電子和工業(yè)企業(yè)，其中有幾家公司是世界上最舍得在研發(fā)上花錢(qián)的公司。

‘The world-wide recession finally caught up with the world’s top innovation spenders in 2009,’the Booz report says, adding that‘the most forward-looking companies will likely move quickly to restore the R&D cuts they made in 2009.’

“2009 年，全球范圍的衰退終于對(duì)世界上在創(chuàng)新方面支出最多的公司產(chǎn)生了影響。” Booz 的調(diào)查報(bào)告說(shuō)，“最有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)的公司可能很快就會(huì)恢復(fù)2009年削減的研發(fā)費(fèi)用。”

Total 2009 R&D spending by the companies surveyed declined 3.5% from a year earlier to $503 billion.

接受調(diào)查的公司2009 年研發(fā)支出總額為5,030 億美元，較一年前下降3.5%。

Roche Holding AG had the biggest spending total last year, at $9.12 billion. It was followed by Microsoft Corp. with $9.01 billion and Nokia Corp. at $8.24 billion.

去年研發(fā)支出最多的是羅氏公司，研發(fā)費(fèi)用91.2 億美元，其次是微軟，研發(fā)費(fèi)用90.1 億美元，諾基亞，研發(fā)費(fèi)用82.4 億美元。

Toyota Motor Corp. ’s R&D spending totaled $7.82 billion, and Pfizer Inc. had $7.74 billion.

豐田汽車(chē)公司研發(fā)支出總額為78.2 億美元，輝瑞制藥有限公司支出為77.4 億美元。

Booz also found that heavy spending on R&D doesn’t necessarily lead to recognition as a technology leader.

Booz 的調(diào)查還發(fā)現(xiàn)，在研發(fā)方面投入越多的公司并不一定被看做科技領(lǐng)頭羊。

In a survey of more than 450‘innovation executives’from 400 companies representing $150 billion in annual R&D spending, Booz asked them to name the companies they considered‘most innovative.’

Booz 對(duì)來(lái)自400 家公司的450 多名研發(fā)管理者進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，這些公司的年度研發(fā)支出總計(jì)1,500 億美元。Booz 讓他們列出他們認(rèn)為“最有創(chuàng)新精神”的公司。

The three most frequently chosen by respondents were Apple Inc., Google Inc. and 3M Co., none of which was among the 10 biggest spenders on R&D in 2009.

結(jié)果他們選出的公司是蘋(píng)果、谷歌和3M Co。而這三家公司2009 年的研發(fā)支出都沒(méi)有進(jìn)入前十。

Apple last year spent about 3.1% of its sales on R&D, or about half the typical level for computer and electronic companies, said Barry Jaruzelski, a partner at Booz, and yet Apple’s R&D appears to be far more effective than that of many rivals.

Booz 公司合伙人雅魯澤爾斯基說(shuō)，蘋(píng)果去年的研發(fā)支出僅占銷(xiāo)售額的3.1%左右，大約是電腦和電子產(chǎn)品公司平均水平的一半。但蘋(píng)果公司用小錢(qián)辦大事，他們研發(fā)工作的有效性超過(guò)了很多競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。

‘It’s much more about how you do it than how much you spend,’Mr. Jaruzelski said.

雅魯澤爾斯基說(shuō)，做事的方式比花多少錢(qián)更重要。

Apple succeeds because it has a deep understanding of consumers, is focused in its projects ‘as opposed to trying to spread their bets,’and attracts superior talent, he said.

蘋(píng)果成功的原因在于，它并不專注于一味擴(kuò)大規(guī)模，而是更關(guān)注消費(fèi)者的需求，并且吸引一流的人才。

 

 

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