170. People will come to expect that injured or diseased organs are meant to be repaired from within, in much the same way that we fix an appliance or automobile: by replacing the damaged part with a manufacturer-certified new part.
譯文
人們將開始期望受傷或患病的器官可以從內(nèi)部修復(fù),正如我們修理設(shè)備或汽車那樣,即使用獲得制造商認(rèn)證的新零件來取代受損的舊零件。
點(diǎn)睛
本句的主干是People will come to expect that...。第一個that引導(dǎo)的是expect的賓語從句that injured or diseased...new part,其中in much the same way引導(dǎo)的短語作該賓語從句的方式狀語;第二個that引導(dǎo)的是way的定語從句;冒號后的內(nèi)容則是對該定語從句進(jìn)行解釋。
be meant to意為“應(yīng)該是,注定要”。如:
She was meant to be working yesterday, but she just fooled around all day. 昨天她本應(yīng)工作的,但卻閑混了一整天。
in much the same way意為“大致一樣,使用相似的方式”。如:
We spend Valentine's Day in much the same way that the Americans do. 我們過情人節(jié)的方式和美國人大致一樣。
replace意為“替換,代替”。如:
Cars have replaced horses as the normal means of transport. 汽車已經(jīng)取代馬,成為一種常見的交通方式。
考點(diǎn)歸納
replace、substitute和displace這幾個動詞均含“替代,取代”之意。
replace:最常用,指任何形式的替代,尤指以新的替代舊的、老的和壞的等,指人、指物均可。如:
I will replace that broken lock. 我要把那個壞了的鎖換掉。
I must replace my secretary who is too lazy. 我必須換掉我的秘書,她太懶了。
substitute:主要強(qiáng)調(diào)某人或某物可以用來代替別的人或物的作用。如:
I substituted your name for mine on the list. 我把名單上我的名字換成了你的。
We substituted rice for potatoes. 我們用米代替馬鈴薯。
displace:側(cè)重指用另外的人或物強(qiáng)行取代,指人時往往暗含帶有不滿情緒的意味。如:
He couldn't accept the fact that he was displaced by another young man. 他無法接受自己已被另一個年輕人頂替的事實(shí)。