雙語詩歌翻譯|屈原-《楚辭·哀郢》

《哀郢》是屈原的代表作之一，為“九章”之一。詩篇真實(shí)地記敘了詩人離別郢都當(dāng)時(shí)和流亡途中的沉痛心情，生動(dòng)地抒發(fā)了詩人熱愛祖國、思念故鄉(xiāng)和同情人民的深厚感情，深刻地描寫了不得不出走逃亡而又滿懷依戀，不忍離開祖國的復(fù)雜矛盾的心理活動(dòng)。在詩中，敘事、抒情、寫景融為一體，脈絡(luò)分明，情感激越，堪稱絕唱。

屈原 《楚辭·哀郢》

皇天之不純命兮，何百姓之震愆！民離散而相失兮，方仲春而東遷。

去故鄉(xiāng)而就遠(yuǎn)兮，遵江夏以流亡。出國門而軫懷兮，甲之鼌吾以行。

發(fā)郢都而去閭兮，怊荒忽其焉極？楫齊揚(yáng)以容與兮，哀見君而不再得。

望長楸而太息兮，涕淫淫其若霰。過夏首而西浮兮，顧龍門而不見。

心嬋媛而傷懷兮，眇不知其所蹠。順風(fēng)波以從流兮，焉洋洋而為客。

凌陽侯之氾濫，忽翱翔之焉薄。心絓結(jié)而不解兮，思蹇產(chǎn)而不釋。

將運(yùn)舟而下浮兮，上洞庭而下江。去終古之所居兮，今逍遙而東來。

羌靈魂之欲歸兮，何須臾而忘反？背夏浦而西思兮，哀故都之日遠(yuǎn)。

登大墳以遠(yuǎn)望兮，聊以舒吾憂心。哀州土之平樂兮，悲江介之遺風(fēng)。

當(dāng)陵陽之焉至兮，淼南渡之焉如？曾不知夏之為丘兮，孰兩東門之可蕪！

心不怡之長久兮，憂與愁其相接。惟郢路之遼遠(yuǎn)兮，江與夏之不可涉。

忽若去不信兮，至今九年而不復(fù)。慘郁郁而不通兮，蹇侘傺而含慼。

外承歡之汋約兮，諶荏弱而難持。忠湛湛而愿進(jìn)兮，妒被離而鄣之。

堯舜之抗行兮，瞭杳杳而薄天。眾讒人之嫉妒兮，被以不慈之偽名。

憎慍惀之修美兮，好夫人之忼慨。眾踥蹀而日進(jìn)兮，美超遠(yuǎn)而逾邁。

亂曰： 曼余自以流觀兮，冀壹反之何時(shí)！鳥飛反故鄉(xiāng)兮，狐死必首丘。信非吾罪而棄逐兮，何日夜而忘之！

Mourning the Lost Capital
Qu Yuan

High heaven has proved fickle in its bounties;
Why should it frighten our people thus?
Men are scattered and friends separated.
Early in the spring, eastwards we started.

Setting out from my home for places far away;
The Yangtze and Xia were my paths into exile.
With sorrow in my heart, I went through the city gate;
Early on the first day, I commenced my travels.

As I left the city and then my village gate,
An endless despairing seized hold of my mind.
While the boat's oars swished in time,
I mourned for the prince I'd never see again.

A deep sigh escaped me gazing at the forests;
My tears in profusion coursed down like sleet.
Passing the Xia's head, we then drifted westwards,
I searched for the Dragon Gate but all in vain.

Yearning racked my heart and grief my mind;
Going so far away, the path uncertain.
Tossed by wind and waves, aimlessly drifting;
Embarked on an endless journey without hope of return.

Riding the rough waves, these thoughts filled my mind;
When, oh when, will this drifting ever cease?
My heart enmeshed could not be disentangled;
My thoughts trapped in a maze with no escape.

By the current, my boat was borne downstream;
South to the Dongting Lake, north to the river.
My old home abandoned , where in I had lived,
As I traveled eastwards randomly adrift.

Yet within my soul I burned to return;
Not a moment passed, but I longed to go back.
On leaving Xiapu, my thoughts raced westwards,
Mourning that my city daily grew more distant.

From a hilly island I searched the horizon,
Hoping to relieve the ache within my heart.
But the island's soil so fertile saddened me,
A reminder of the lands beside the Great River.

Where is my destination , as I traverse the water?
How proceed south across this vast waste?
Unaware in my exile the palace had been razed;
Unthinkable the East Gate had crumbled into ruins.

How many are the days since my heart felt joy;
As grief followed sorrow and sorrow followed grief;
Long and hard is the way to the city;
The Yangtze and Xia are difficult to cross.

To have left it seems at times inconceivable;
Yet for nine years I have not been there.
The sadness that blights me is too deep for words;
Chained to that place, life has a bitter taste.

Your favor was won by outward flattery;
Too weak to resist, without independent will.
When I, most loyal, tried to approach you,
Envy triumphed and obstructed me.

Yao and Shun so renowned for noble deeds,
That their glory was even reflected in the skies;
Yet many vicious tongues, jealous of their fame,
Spread ugly slanders and said they were not good.

Now you abhor the patient quest for beauty,
Preferring instead a scoundrel's trumpeting.
The mobs swarm round, each day closer in your favor;
While beauty spurned withdraws far away.

Envoi
So long have my eyes started into the distance;
Yearning once to return, but never knowing when.
The birds can fly home to their old nests;
The dying fox can turn to face his earth.
That I was blameless, yet cast aside and exiled;
Each day and night this still sears my soul.