從下面的樣題當(dāng)中,我們能看出來,盡管ETS取消了類反的考察形式,但是更加注重考生的能力考查,任何一個(gè)考試的改革都會(huì)希望通過考題越來越真實(shí)的檢驗(yàn)和反映考生的真正實(shí)力,而不是靠死記硬背而產(chǎn)生的高分。因此,新的考試題型,對(duì)邏輯,對(duì)長難句,以及對(duì)詞匯的基本功要求較以前更加注重。ETS的考題也越來越具備客觀公正性。這對(duì)真正有良好基礎(chǔ)英語能力的中國考生是一件好的事情,因此也就要求每一個(gè)考生要擺正心態(tài),扎扎實(shí)實(shí)的學(xué)好英語,為將來的科研打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。
Text Completion Questions句子填空題
Text Completion questions include a passage composed of one to five sentences with one to three blanks. There are three answer choices per blank, or five answer choices if there is a single blank. There is a single correct answer, consisting of one choice for each blank. The examinee receives no credit for partially correct answers.
句子填空題包括1-5個(gè)句子組成的短文,里面有1-3個(gè)空格,2-3空格的題目每空格3個(gè)選項(xiàng),如果是1空題就會(huì)有5個(gè)選項(xiàng),每個(gè)選擇里面只有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確答案,任何一個(gè)選項(xiàng)選錯(cuò)都不得分。
Sample Text Completion Questions
Directions: For each blank select one entry from the corresponding column of choices. Fill all blanks in the way that best completes the text.
說明:為每個(gè)空格從相應(yīng)的欄組里選擇正確的答案,用此方法為每個(gè)空格挑選最合適的答案。
1.It is refreshing to read a book about our planet by an author who does not allow facts to be (1)__________ by politics: well aware of the political disputes about the effects of human activities on climate and biodiversity, this author does not permit them to (2)__________ his comprehensive description of what we know about our biosphere. He emphasizes the enormous gaps in our knowledge, the sparseness of our observations, and the (3)__________, calling attention to the many aspects of planetary evolution that must be better understood before we can accurately diagnose the condition of our planet.
Blank (1) Blank (2) Blank (3)
Overshadowed使不重要 Enhance 加強(qiáng) plausibility of our hypotheses我們的假設(shè)的可能性
Invalidated 使無效 Obscure 模糊 certainty of our entitlement我們的權(quán)利的確定性
Illuminated 闡明 Underscore 強(qiáng)調(diào) superficiality of our theories我們的理論的膚淺性
Answer choices for question 1.
Answer: overshadowed, obscure, and superficiality of our theories
翻譯:這本關(guān)于我們的星球的書讀起來讓人感覺耳目一新,這個(gè)作者他不允許事實(shí)被政治所(弱化):眾所周知政治會(huì)屏蔽人類的活動(dòng)在思想上的趨勢和生態(tài)上的多樣性,這個(gè)作者不允許政治去(模糊)他關(guān)于我們所知道的關(guān)于我們的生物界的描述和理解。他強(qiáng)調(diào)巨大的隔閡存在于在我們的知識(shí)當(dāng)中,存在于我們觀察的零散性當(dāng)中,和(我們的理論的膚淺性)當(dāng)中,因此在我們精確的判斷好我們的星球所存在的問題之前,就必須要對(duì)行星發(fā)展的很多方面做更好的理解。
題目分析:冒號(hào)引導(dǎo)同義解釋型題目,同事這也是一個(gè)表象對(duì)真相的題目,表象對(duì)真相的情況只有兩種:1.表象掩蓋真相。2。真相被揭露出來。既然這本書讓我們r(jià)efresh,那么政治對(duì)真相所作的事情就是負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)的,就是遮蔽類的概念,所以第一空格和第二空格找遮蔽類的詞匯就可以了。第三空格找的是the sparseness of our observations的并列關(guān)系,因此superficiality是最合適的選項(xiàng)。
2.Vain and prone to violence, Caravaggio could not handle success: the more his (1)__________ as an artist increased, the more (2)__________ his life became.
Blank (1) Blank (2)
Temperance 節(jié)制 Tumultuous 紛亂的
Notoriety 臭名昭著 Providential 幸運(yùn)的
Eminence 著名 Dispassionate 冷靜的
Answer choices for question 2.
Answer: eminence and tumultuous
翻譯:自負(fù)并且易怒,Caravaggio不容易掌控成功:作為一個(gè)藝術(shù)家其名聲越是(顯赫),他的生活越是變得(混亂)
題目分析:冒號(hào)引導(dǎo)同義解釋,因此the more…,the more引導(dǎo)前面提到的不易成功的遞進(jìn)情況,因此最后應(yīng)該說到負(fù)評(píng)價(jià),那么前面應(yīng)該說的是成功。并且兩空格必然是評(píng)價(jià)相反,同時(shí)第二空格應(yīng)該是vain and prone violence導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。
3.The author's (1)__________ style renders a fascinating subject, the role played by luck in everyday life, extraordinarily (2)__________.
Blank (1) Blank (2)
Soporific 催眠的 Pedantic 迂腐的
Lucid 清楚的 Tedious 乏味的
Colloquial 口語的 Opaque 不透明的
Answer choices for question 3.
Answer: soporific and tedious
翻譯:這個(gè)作者(乏味的)風(fēng)格致使一個(gè)有趣的事情,日常生活中那些幸運(yùn)的事情,看起來極其的(單調(diào)沉悶)。
題目分析:render這個(gè)詞表明因果關(guān)系,因此兩個(gè)空格的評(píng)價(jià)相同,所以要么全部是正評(píng)價(jià),要么全部是負(fù)評(píng)價(jià)。如果選Lucid那么第二空格沒有匹配,選colloquial在第二空格也沒有匹配,所以選soporific是正確的答案。
4.From the outset, the concept of freedom of the seas from the proprietary claims of nations was challenged by a contrary notion — that of the _______ of the oceans for reasons of national security and profit.
Promotion 提升
Exploration 探索
Surveying 測量
Conservation 保存
Appropriation 占用
Answer choices for question 4.
Answer: appropriation
翻譯:從一開始起,對(duì)于聲明海洋的所有權(quán)應(yīng)獨(dú)立于國家對(duì)其擁有的私有權(quán)的觀點(diǎn),就受到一個(gè)相反觀點(diǎn)的挑戰(zhàn),這個(gè)相反的觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為基于國家安全和利益的原因而應(yīng)該對(duì)(占有)海洋的所有權(quán)。
題目分析:由contrary引導(dǎo)反義重復(fù),因此句子提到了兩種對(duì)立的觀點(diǎn),既然前面提到的是對(duì)seas proprietary的freedom那么后面就要提到約束類的概念,因此appropriation是對(duì)proprietary的最好的搭配。
總結(jié):從上述4道題目當(dāng)中,我們可以看到既然題的邏輯和以前的考試的邏輯一致,只不過是選項(xiàng)的表現(xiàn)形式變化了。所以我們以前的解題思路依然好用,盡管樣題的第一題句子比較長,但是,總體上難度還算容易,當(dāng)然不排除ETS每次給出的樣題難度系數(shù)都偏低。因此我們估計(jì)正式的題目難度系數(shù)應(yīng)該和現(xiàn)在的考試難度一致,不會(huì)相差太大,因?yàn)镋TS要保證其評(píng)估體系的一致性。
Sentence Equivalence Questions
近義詞雙選題
Sentence Equivalence questions consist of a single sentence, one blank, and six answer choices. These questions require the examinee to select two of the answer choices. The examinee receives no credit for partially correct answers.
同義詞雙選題由一個(gè)句子,一個(gè)空格,六個(gè)選項(xiàng)組成。這些問題要求考生選擇兩個(gè)答案,兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)中任何一個(gè)選錯(cuò)就不得分。
Sample Sentence Equivalence Questions
近義詞雙選樣題
Directions: Select the two answer choices that, when used to complete the sentence, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole and produce completed sentences that are alike in meaning.
說明:從選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中選兩個(gè)答案,用來完成句子。找到合適的選項(xiàng)使句子含義完整并且選項(xiàng)含義匹配。
1.Although it does contain some pioneering ideas, one would hardly characterize the work as __________.
A. Orthodox 傳統(tǒng)的
B. Eccentric 異常的
C. Original 創(chuàng)新的
D. Trifling 不重要的
E. conventional 傳統(tǒng)的
F. innovative 創(chuàng)新的
Answer: C and F
翻譯:盡管包含了一些先進(jìn)的思想,但是我們并不能因此而把這些工作看成是(獨(dú)創(chuàng)的).
題目分析:Although引導(dǎo)反義轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系,所以空格的俄含義應(yīng)該和前面的pioneer相反,但是hardly表示否定,所以空格填pioneer的同義詞。這道題目屬于典型的創(chuàng)新對(duì)保守型題目的考法,關(guān)鍵是就創(chuàng)新類詞匯的掌握。
2.The corporation expects only _______ increases in sales next year despite a yearlong effort to revive its retailing business.
A. Dynamic 動(dòng)態(tài)的
B. Predictable 可預(yù)言的
C. Expanding 擴(kuò)展的
D. Modest 適度的
E. Slight 輕微的
F. Volatile 不穩(wěn)定的
Answer: D and E
翻譯:盡管用去一年的時(shí)間去努力恢復(fù)零售市場,但是公司僅僅期盼業(yè)績(稍有)增長即可。
題目分析:despite引導(dǎo)反義轉(zhuǎn)折,因此空格所填單詞應(yīng)該與despite所引導(dǎo)的句子產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果相反,正常情況下,付出了努力必然期盼有回報(bào),因此這里找否定increase的詞匯即可。
詞匯解析:Modest 在韋氏當(dāng)中的解釋有l(wèi)imited in size or amount含義,所以在這里可以和slight并選。
總結(jié):通過上述兩個(gè)樣題,我們可以看出來,這種題目還是有一定的解題難度的,因?yàn)榻x詞義詞的考察,不僅僅是同義詞,還有可能是上下義詞,6個(gè)選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中必然至少1個(gè)近義詞對(duì),或者兩對(duì),更有可能3對(duì),從眾多選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中選擇兩個(gè)正確的選項(xiàng),其實(shí)還是在考察考生的詞匯功底,所以即使新的考試形式當(dāng)中詞匯題取消了,但是對(duì)詞匯的考察卻并沒有取消,而是變了一個(gè)形式,并且增加了邏輯的難度。所以Sentence Equivalence題目其實(shí)可以說是類反題目的延伸。