哥哥曾是我痛苦的來源，但我依然愛他
當(dāng)我的哥哥艾倫43歲突然去世時(shí)，我收到了不少尋常的哀悼，也有幾個(gè)不尋常的。有一個(gè)朋友發(fā)信息說，“很高興你肩上的重?fù)?dān)終于卸下了。”另一個(gè)朋友只是抱了抱我，然后說，“我希望你終于能獲得一些平靜了。”
These friends assumed my brother’s death would bring some relief, that losing him at a young age might be a blessing in disguise.
這些朋友認(rèn)為我哥哥的去世會(huì)給我?guī)硪恍┙饷?，認(rèn)為在他還年輕時(shí)失去他，是因禍得福。
On a deeper level, their messages sought to make sense of a loss that didn’t fall into any of the usual categories. Alan was not a typical brother, and ours was not a typical sibling relationship. My relationship with my brother was an ambivalent one — full of love, fear, empathy, embarrassment, gratitude and resentment. Because of this, the loss was somehow different, and perhaps easier, they surmised.
從更深層次上來說，他們的信息是試圖理解一種不符合常規(guī)死亡、痛失親人的情況。艾倫不是一個(gè)典型的哥哥，我們的關(guān)系也不是典型的手足關(guān)系。我與我哥哥的關(guān)系是矛盾的——充滿愛、恐懼、同情、尷尬、感激和怨恨。因?yàn)檫@一點(diǎn)，他們便猜測(cè)失去他會(huì)有些不一樣，可能會(huì)容易一些。
My brother was a 5-year-old in a grown man’s body. He was born with a genetic abnormality that leads to cognitive delays, hyperphagia (insatiable hunger), slurred speech, and moods that veer unexpectedly from loving to violent.
我哥哥是個(gè)有著成年人軀體的五歲小孩。他生來就有遺傳異常，導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知遲緩，暴飲暴食(極度饑餓)、講話含糊不清，心情會(huì)無法預(yù)料地從充滿愛意轉(zhuǎn)換到暴力。
It wasn’t until his 30s that this was diagnosed as Prader-Willi syndrome, an intellectual disability caused by a genetic error on chromosome 15. My mother suspected he had other issues as well. He was born breech, his umbilical cord wrapped around his neck. She thinks perhaps he suffered brain damage this way. He was a floppy baby, she said. He didn’t cry.
直到艾倫30多歲的時(shí)候，他才被診斷出普瑞德威利綜合征(Prader-Willi syndrome)，這是一種由于第15號(hào)染色體基因缺陷引起的智力殘疾。我母親懷疑他還有其他問題。他是臀位分娩出來的，臍帶纏住了脖子。她覺得這可能導(dǎo)致他的腦部受到了損傷。她說，當(dāng)時(shí)他整個(gè)人軟軟的，沒有哭。
Alan required constant supervision. Left alone, he would eat until he vomited. He’d eat food from the trash. He’d cut himself while trying to pry aluminum cans open with a steak knife. He started fires on the stove.
艾倫需要人一直看著。如果不管他，他會(huì)一直吃東西，吃到吐。他會(huì)吃垃圾里的食物。他會(huì)因?yàn)樵噲D用牛排刀撬開鋁罐而割傷自己。他會(huì)開爐火。
This meant that despite my being three years younger, I quickly surpassed him. I became the older sibling. The “normal” one. I was the one people pointed to as they consoled my mother. At least you have this perfect little girl.
這意味著盡管我比他小三歲，但我迅速超越了他。我反而成為了姐姐，“正常”的那個(gè)。我是人們安慰我母親時(shí)所指的那個(gè)人。至少你有個(gè)完美的女兒。
Back in the 70s, having a disabled kid was a disease, and I was the cure. Later, my parents had another typical child, my younger brother Andrew, but even that didn’t stop their grief. Dad moved out when I was 5.
在70年代，家里有一個(gè)殘障兒童是一種病，而我就是解藥。后來，我父母又生了一個(gè)正常的孩子，我的弟弟安德魯，但即使是這樣，他們?nèi)匀灰恢碧幵诒粗小８赣H在我五歲時(shí)搬出去了。
My mother never recovered. She suffered profound depression. From a very young age, I stepped in and helped parent Alan, which means I also bore the brunt of his violent outbursts. He never understood why his younger sister was left in charge of him. So, if I told him to brush his teeth or if I caught him bingeing on food, he would respond by punching me and slamming my head into a wall, or he’d grab my hair and drag me across the floor. Afterward, seeing me cowering and bleeding, he’d cry and apologize. He never meant to hurt me. His mind just didn’t know how to control his body.
我母親從未從打擊中恢復(fù)過來。她患有嚴(yán)重抑郁癥。我從很小的時(shí)候起，就幫忙承擔(dān)艾倫父母的角色，這意味著我還承受著他暴力爆發(fā)時(shí)的那些沖擊。他從來不能理解為何他妹妹要來管他。因此，如果我讓他刷牙或是發(fā)現(xiàn)他暴飲暴食時(shí)，他的回應(yīng)是用拳頭捶打我、將我的頭撞到墻上，或是拽住我的頭發(fā)將我在地板上拖來拖去。過后，看到我蜷縮在一邊流血，他會(huì)哭著道歉。他從沒有要傷害我的意思。他的大腦只是不知道該如何控制他的身體。
There were peaceful times too. When my mother was away, I’d tuck Alan into bed, kiss him on the forehead and listen to him talk about his favorite movies until he drifted to sleep. Whenever he’d meet someone new, he’d ask them their shoe size and phone number and commit it to memory. We often caught him calling new friends, sometimes in the middle of the night.
有時(shí)候也有平靜的時(shí)刻。當(dāng)我母親不在時(shí)，我會(huì)送艾倫上床睡覺，在額頭上親吻他，然后聽著他講他最喜歡的電影，直至他漸漸睡去。只要他認(rèn)識(shí)了新的朋友，就會(huì)問他們的鞋碼和電話號(hào)碼，然后記在心里。我們常常會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他打電話給新朋友，有時(shí)候是在半夜。
He was also something of a dog whisperer. Watching him cradle a puppy, you’d never guess he was capable of hurting anyone. He might have made a career out of rescuing animals if he was able. This was the paradox: When he wasn’t violent, Alan was one of the most loving people I’ve ever known.
在某種程度上，他還算是個(gè)“狗語者”?？粗p輕抱著小狗的樣子，你絕不會(huì)想到他能傷害別人。如果有能力的話，他或許會(huì)以救助動(dòng)物為生。矛盾之處就在這里：在不暴力的時(shí)候，艾倫是我所認(rèn)識(shí)的最有愛心的人之一。
When Alan died, I did not feel relief. I felt immediate, unmistakable sadness. I grieved not only for the loss of my brother, but also for the loss of any possibility for a better life for him or a closer relationship for us.
艾倫去世時(shí)，我并沒有感到解脫，而是立即明顯地感到悲傷。我傷心的不僅是失去了哥哥，也為失去了他獲得更好的生活，或是我們能有更親密關(guān)系的可能性而感到難過。
The special needs landscape has changed a lot since the 70s and 80s, when Alan and I were kids. Back then, there were few resources to address his needs and stigma around having a special needs family member. My mother struggled, in part, because she believed she was utterly alone.
自70年代和80年代以來，特殊需求的格局已經(jīng)發(fā)生了大幅改變，那時(shí)候我和艾倫還小。當(dāng)時(shí)，沒多少能解決他的需求以及圍繞著一個(gè)擁有特殊需求家庭成員不光彩名聲的資源。我母親掙扎過，有一部分原因是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為自己完全是一個(gè)人在承擔(dān)。
Today, about one in six kids in the United States has a developmental disability, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. There are services and support networks that simply didn’t exist when Alan and I were growing up.
根據(jù)美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的數(shù)據(jù)，今天，美國(guó)六個(gè)孩子中就有一個(gè)有發(fā)育性殘疾。現(xiàn)在的一些服務(wù)和支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)在我和艾倫長(zhǎng)大時(shí)根本不存在。
I’ve often wondered if my family might have fared better if we had had the resources that are available today. I realized soon after Alan’s death that I’d been clinging to a sliver of hope that Alan would get better someday. I hoped there was still time to untangle the mixed emotions I felt toward him, that we could enjoy each other as adults in a way we couldn’t as children.
我常常會(huì)想，如果我們有今天的那些資源，我的家人是不是會(huì)變得更好。艾倫死后不久，我意識(shí)到自己一直抱著一絲希望，認(rèn)為艾倫有朝一日能好起來。我希望仍有時(shí)間，理順我對(duì)他的復(fù)雜情感，我希望我們能作為成人享受彼此的陪伴，而這一點(diǎn)是我們小時(shí)候沒能做到的。
My relationship with Alan was tumultuous at best, terrifying at worst. Did I love my brother? Yes, deeply. Did I fantasize about how might life be without his condition, without the constant dark cloud of worry and fear? Yes, for as long as I can remember.
我與艾倫的關(guān)系往好了說是混亂的，往壞了說是可怕的。我愛我哥哥嗎?非常愛。我是否會(huì)幻想如果沒有他的病，沒有一直懸在頭頂?shù)膿?dān)憂和恐懼，我們的生活會(huì)是什么樣?會(huì)，從記事以來就會(huì)。
I recall a grade-school teacher telling me what a lucky little girl I was. “Your brother is special. You are so lucky to have him. He will teach you things that no other brother can.” At the time, those words stung. Lucky? I felt so very unlucky to be Alan’s sister. I felt small and unseen.
我想起小學(xué)的時(shí)候一個(gè)老師告訴我，我是一個(gè)多么幸運(yùn)的小女孩。“你哥哥很特別。你能擁有他是十分幸運(yùn)的。他會(huì)教給你其他哥哥不能的事情。”當(dāng)時(shí)那些話刺痛了我。幸運(yùn)?作為艾倫的妹妹，我覺得無比倒霉。我覺得自己渺小，無法被人注意到。
Looking back, I know this teacher was right. Alan taught me that humans are imperfect, vulnerable beings. Watching the way people behaved around my brother, I understood there is incredible kindness and unimaginable cruelty in the world. Thanks to Alan, I gained patience, empathy, diplomacy, maturity and compassion.
回望過去，我知道這個(gè)老師說的是對(duì)的。艾倫教會(huì)了我人類是不完美、脆弱的生物。看著人們?cè)谖腋绺缟磉叺呐e止，我了解了世界上存在著無比的好意，以及令人難以想象的殘忍。多虧了艾倫，我變得有耐心、有共情能力、處事能力、成熟了起來，富有同情心。
Alan was my tormentor, but he was also my big brother. The profound love I felt toward him didn’t cancel out his violence. But neither did the abuse cancel out the love. I realized both could exist simultaneously.
艾倫是我的痛苦的來源，但他也是我的哥哥。我對(duì)他深刻的愛并沒有因?yàn)樗谋┝Χ麥p。他的施虐行為也沒有讓我不愛他。我意識(shí)到二者是可以同時(shí)共存的。
Through having my own kids and getting to know other families, I came to see that even at their best, siblings are rivals, competing for their parents’ affection, time and approval. In all the ways the relationship between Alan and me was different — more complicated, more extreme — we lived with an ambivalence that’s present in many families. I mourned the loss of my brother just as anyone would mourn a sibling, because in some respects, we were just like everyone else.
通過自己的孩子和對(duì)其他家庭的了解，我逐漸意識(shí)到，即使是在他們最好的時(shí)候，手足也是對(duì)手，會(huì)互相為了父母的愛、時(shí)間和認(rèn)可而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。艾倫和我之間的關(guān)系，從所有方面來說都與眾不同——更加復(fù)雜、更加極端——我們心中的矛盾情感在許多家庭都存在。我對(duì)我哥哥的哀悼，與任何人哀悼兄弟姐妹的方式一樣，因?yàn)閺哪承┓矫鎭碚f，我們和其他人沒有分別。
