新奇事件簿 噪音污染危及海洋生物

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Human-made noise pollution in the Earth’s oceans and seas is becoming a serious threat to marine wildlife. Scientists report that there is hardly an underwater place left where marine mammals can live in peace and quiet. Dozens of species of whale, dolphin, turtle and other creatures rely on sound to communicate, find mates and hunt for food. Their increasingly noisy environment is making it more and more difficult to lead a normal life. This is according to a report from the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW), called "Ocean Noise: Turn it Down”. The environmental group says noise from shipping, military sonar, oil and gas surveys, offshore construction and marine sports has reached dangerous levels for sea life.

噪音污染正對(duì)海洋生物構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅。據(jù)科學(xué)家報(bào)道，海底將“永無寧日”。海龜、海豚、鯨魚等數(shù)十種生物需要靠聲波進(jìn)行交流、交配、覓食。由于噪音污染愈演愈烈，它們的生活并不太平。這是國際愛護(hù)動(dòng)物基金會(huì)所公布的一項(xiàng)名叫“海洋噪音：靜悄悄”的報(bào)告。據(jù)該環(huán)保組織所說，海洋噪音包括航運(yùn)、軍方聲納測試、油氣勘探、海上作業(yè)以及海上運(yùn)動(dòng)，這些已經(jīng)對(duì)海洋生物構(gòu)成了嚴(yán)重威脅。

The IFAW says the distance over which blue whales can communicate is down by 90 per cent. It also reports that in the past decade, many whales have become beached after being disorientated because of loud noise. The group also warns that noise pollution is only going to get worse. It highlighted the use of seismic surveys as one example of the extent of the problem. These generate incredibly loud sounds every ten seconds that can travel 3,000 km. There are 90 survey ships active in the oceans today. In addition, the number of ships sailing the seas will double by 2025. Mark Simmonds, a conservation spokesman, said, "man-made noise is already triggering a kind of acoustic fog,” and called for a “response to noise pollution in the underwater world”.

據(jù)國際愛護(hù)動(dòng)物基金會(huì)所說，藍(lán)鯨的交流距離下降了90%。還報(bào)告稱在過去十年間，因噪音污染，許多鯨魚因迷失方向而擱淺。該組織還警告稱，噪音污染愈演愈烈。該組織還特別提及了地震勘測對(duì)海洋的影響程度。勘測船每隔10秒就會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨響，聲速達(dá)到了3000公里。如今，海洋上有90艘地震勘測船。到2025年，船只數(shù)量將增加一倍。環(huán)保發(fā)言人馬克·西蒙茲表示稱：“噪音污染已經(jīng)引發(fā)了“聲霧”，并呼吁人們采取行動(dòng)。”