關(guān)鍵詞:
拖延癥
拖延癥英語(yǔ)里不是“癥”
When it comes to learning English, a lot of people procrastinate, so you've already made a great start: 說(shuō)到拖延癥,很多人學(xué)英語(yǔ)就是這樣。不過(guò)如果你已經(jīng)在聽(tīng)節(jié)目、看推送,你已經(jīng)邁出了重要的一步!
If you want to step up your efforts, double down on your efforts, become an OpenLanguage member! 如果要更上一層樓、加倍努力,那,成為開(kāi)言會(huì)員吧
It's not an actual disorder, not pathological: 在英語(yǔ)里,其實(shí)“拖延癥”不算一種真正的“病癥”, 不是病理上的
But if it is an actual disorder, you will often see the suffix: -phobia: 如果真的是一種病癥,英語(yǔ)里會(huì)常用到這個(gè)后綴:-phobia(恐懼癥)
There are many different kinds of phobias, some are clinically diagnosed: 有很多恐懼癥,有些是被臨床確診的
But many are more of a state of mind, such as procrastination: 但也有很多“癥”,其實(shí)是一種精神狀態(tài),比如“拖延癥”
拖延癥英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)?
就是已經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)好多次的那個(gè)詞:
Procrastinate: 拖延
畢竟拖延不是好事,所以procrastinate不會(huì)用在建議類(lèi)的句子里;只會(huì)用在陳述或制止的句子里:
Let's procrastinate on that.
Do not procrastinate any longer.
Stop procrastinating.
He always procrastinates.
一個(gè)拖延癥的人,我們可以說(shuō):
procrastinator: 拖延的人
除了procrastinate, 拖延還有一個(gè)更口語(yǔ)的說(shuō)法:
Put something off
例句:
I want to learn English, but I've been putting it off: 我想學(xué)英語(yǔ),但是拖呀拖,拖了好久
選擇障礙癥
The Chinese word sounds fun: 這個(gè)中文說(shuō)法還挺有意思的
In English, we'd call this: 英語(yǔ)里,可以說(shuō)
indecisive: 猶豫不決
on the fence:意思同上,但是更口語(yǔ)、更有趣,因?yàn)閒ence是籬笆的意思,on the fence顧名思義就是坐在籬笆上,忽左忽右、不能決定
waffling:這個(gè)詞也比較口語(yǔ),而且是特別地道的美語(yǔ)呢。這個(gè)詞還有一個(gè)意思就是:waffle(華夫)
具體怎么用?
“On the fence”更多用在一些比較重要的事情上,表達(dá)你的觀點(diǎn):
如果是點(diǎn)菜這種小事:
“I'm on the fence between the chicken and the fish", 這個(gè)說(shuō)法很怪
"I can't decide between the chicken and the fish”更好
“Waffling”意為優(yōu)柔寡斷的
You are waffling again:你又在優(yōu)柔寡斷了
各種恐懼癥:phobia
接下來(lái)這一組恐懼癥,都以-phobia結(jié)尾。Phobia的意思就是恐懼癥。
acrophobia: 恐高癥
除了I'm acrophobic, 你也可以說(shuō)I am experiencing vertigo: 我很暈!
Vertigo describes the dizzy feeling you get when you look down from high: vertigo就是從高處向下看,那種暈眩、緊張的感覺(jué)
I've met many foreigners who experience vertigo when they go to tall buildings in Shanghai: 我在上海遇過(guò)好多外國(guó)人,一上摩天高樓就暈
aerophobia: 飛行恐懼癥
It means you are afraid of taking the airplane: 就是不敢坐飛機(jī)
“Aero-”就是和飛行相關(guān)的
Fear of flying: 怕坐飛機(jī), 更口語(yǔ)的說(shuō)法
Airsick: 暈機(jī)
Seasick: 暈船
Carsick: 暈車(chē)
拖延癥、強(qiáng)迫癥用英語(yǔ)怎么說(shuō)
hydrophobia: 恐水癥
I'm slightly hydrophobic: 我稍微有點(diǎn)恐水癥
The ocean makes me very nervous: 看到大海就恐慌
Hydro是希臘語(yǔ)水的意思,英語(yǔ)里很多跟水有關(guān)的詞都包含這個(gè)前綴
claustrophobia: 密閉恐懼癥
The fear of small spaces or enclosed spaces: 對(duì)擁擠或者密閉空間的恐懼
A lot of foreigners say riding the bus or subway in China makes them claustrophobic because they're not used to such crowded spaces:
很多外國(guó)人在中國(guó)坐公車(chē)、坐地鐵會(huì)覺(jué)得有點(diǎn)密閉恐懼癥, 因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)接觸過(guò)那么多的人
agoraphobia: 公共空間恐懼癥
It's fear of pubic spaces, not an enclosed space: 是對(duì)公共空間的恐懼,不是剛才那個(gè)密閉空間
xenophobia: 對(duì)外國(guó)事物、外國(guó)人的恐懼
You hear this word a lot this year: 今年這個(gè)詞用的特別多
Unfortunately, there seems to be a rise of xenophobia in many parts of the world: 世界上很多地方這種情緒都在上升
像Brexit (英國(guó)脫歐)、Trump要在美國(guó)邊境造一座墻的言論,就常被解讀成xenophobia的體現(xiàn)。
Phobia, Phobic
如果要形容你有什么恐懼癥,有兩種表達(dá)方法:
I've got...phobia (名詞)
也可以說(shuō)
I'm ...phobic (形容詞)
如果你覺(jué)得這些詞太拗口,也可以用更口語(yǔ)的說(shuō)法:
I am afraid of height.
I am afraid of flying.
I have a fear of sth.
強(qiáng)迫癥的Jenny居然忘了說(shuō)“強(qiáng)迫癥”
Obsessive compulsive disorder: 強(qiáng)迫癥
簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)OCD
I've got OCD: 我有強(qiáng)迫癥
I'm slightly OCD: 我有一點(diǎn)強(qiáng)迫癥
I'm really OCD: 我超級(jí)強(qiáng)迫癥
密集恐懼癥
這個(gè)詞千萬(wàn)不能配圖,光想到已經(jīng)頭皮發(fā)麻了!
Trypophobia is an tense fear of clustered small holes and bumps: 密集恐懼癥的意思
It gives you goosebumps all over your body: 讓你渾身起雞皮疙瘩》goose是鵝的意思,所以英語(yǔ)里說(shuō)“鵝皮疙瘩”,
說(shuō)說(shuō)這個(gè)詞的構(gòu)成:
大家已經(jīng)知道phobia形容恐懼癥;Trypo則是拉丁語(yǔ),意思是小洞洞
尷尬癥
英語(yǔ)里,這個(gè)概念并不用phobia表達(dá);而是
Awkward:尷尬 (說(shuō)的時(shí)候可以配上圖男演員James McAvoy的表情)
Socially awkward: 社交場(chǎng)合容易尷尬
可以說(shuō):
I'm socially awkward:我有尷尬癥
Someone is socially awkward: 某人有尷尬癥*社交場(chǎng)合