2010年5月三級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)真題

Section 1： English-Chinese Translation (50 points)

LECCO, Italy — Each morning, about 450 students travel along 17 school bus routes to 10 elementary schools in this lakeside city at the southern tip of Lake Como. There are zero school buses.

In 2003, to confront the triple threats of childhood obesity, local traffic jams and — most important — a rise in global greenhouse gases abetted by car emissions, an environmental group here proposed a retro-radical concept: children should walk to school.

They set up a piedibus (literally foot-bus in Italian) — a bus route with a driver but no vehicle. Each morning a mix of paid staff members and parental volunteers in fluorescent yellow vests lead lines of walking students along Lecco’s twisting streets to the schools’ gates, Pied Piper-style, stopping here and there as their flock expands.

At the Carducci School, 100 children, or more than half of the students, now take walking buses. Many of them were previously driven in cars. Giulio· Greppi, a 9-year-old with shaggy blond hair, said he had been driven about a third of a mile each way until he started taking the piedibus. “I get to see my friends and we feel special because we know it’s good for the environment,” he said.

Although the routes are each generally less than a mile, the town’s piedibuses have so far eliminated more than 100,000 miles of car travel and, in principle, prevented thousands of tons of greenhouse gases from entering the air, Dario Pesenti, the town’s environment auditor, estimates.

The number of children who are driven to school over all is rising in the United States and Europe, experts on both continents say, making up a sizable chunk of transportation’s contribution to greenhouse-gas emissions. The “school run” made up 18 percent of car trips by urban residents of Britain last year, a national survey showed.

In 1969, 40 percent of students in the United States walked to school; in 2001, the most recent year data was collected, 13 percent did, according to the federal government’s National Household Travel Survey. Lecco’s walking bus was the first in Italy, but hundreds have cropped up elsewhere in Europe and, more recently, in North America to combat the trend.

Towns in France, Britain and elsewhere in Italy have created such routes, although few are as extensive and long-lasting as Lecco’s.

Section 2： Chinese-English Translation (50 points)

全球氣候變化深刻影響著人類生存和發(fā)展，是各國(guó)共同面臨的重大挑戰(zhàn)。氣候變化是人類發(fā)展進(jìn)程中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題，既受自然因素影響，也受人類活動(dòng)影響，既是環(huán)境問(wèn)題，更是發(fā)展問(wèn)題，同各國(guó)發(fā)展階段、生活方式、人口規(guī)模、資源稟賦以及國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)分工等因素密切相關(guān)。

歸根到底，應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化問(wèn)題應(yīng)該也只能在發(fā)展過(guò)程中推進(jìn)，應(yīng)該也只能靠共同發(fā)展來(lái)解決。中國(guó)已經(jīng)制定和實(shí)施了《應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化國(guó)家方案》，明確提出2005年到2010年降低單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗和主要污染物排放、提高森林覆蓋率和可再生能源比重等有約束力的國(guó)家指標(biāo)。

中國(guó)高度重視和積極推動(dòng)以人為本、全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)的科學(xué)發(fā)展，明確提出了建設(shè)生態(tài)文明的重大戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)要堅(jiān)持節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境的基本國(guó)策，堅(jiān)持走可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路，在加快建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會(huì)和建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國(guó)家的進(jìn)程中不斷為應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化作出貢獻(xiàn)。

今后，中國(guó)將進(jìn)一步把應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化納入經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展規(guī)劃，并繼續(xù)采取強(qiáng)有力的措施。一是加強(qiáng)節(jié)能、提高能效工作，爭(zhēng)取到2020年單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值、二氧化碳排放比2005年有顯著下降。二是大力發(fā)展可再生能源和核能。三是大力增加森林碳匯。四是大力發(fā)展綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)，積極發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)和循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)，研發(fā)和推廣氣候友好技術(shù)。