時(shí)差N小時(shí):移民改革 Immigration Reform

"Give me your tired, your poor...your huddledmasses yearning to breathe free...

擠在一起渴望自由呼吸的大眾，那熙熙攘攘的被遺棄了的，可憐的人們。把這些無(wú)家可歸的，飽受顛沛的人們一起交給我...

These words, written by American poet EmmaLazarus and inscribed at the base of the Statue ofLiberty, encouraged immigration to America in theearly years of the twentieth century. For decades, asteady stream of immigrants arrived andassimilated themselves into American life.

這是愛(ài)瑪·拉扎露絲寫的十四行詩(shī)，被雕刻在自由女神像底座上，用以鼓勵(lì)移民來(lái)到在上世紀(jì)早期的美國(guó)。幾十年過(guò)去了，移民們?cè)丛床粩嗟挠窟M(jìn)并融入到美國(guó)生活中。

But by the mid 1970s, Congress was hearing from Americans who believed they were losingjobs to illegal aliens. Senator Alan Simpson and Representative Romano Mazzoli proposed whatcame to be known as the Simpson-Mazzoli Immigration Reform and Control Act. It imposedsanctions on employers who hired undocumented aliens, while making allowances for aliensalready living and working in the U.S. Not everyone was in favor of this bill.

但是到20世紀(jì)70年代，國(guó)會(huì)聽證了來(lái)自美國(guó)人的證詞，他們認(rèn)為工作機(jī)會(huì)正向非法移民轉(zhuǎn)移。參議員阿蘭·辛普森以及國(guó)會(huì)代表 Romano Mazzoli 建議進(jìn)行移民改革，后來(lái)發(fā)展為眾所周知的 Simpson-Mazzoli 移民改革和控制法案。這條法案對(duì)雇傭非法移民的雇主實(shí)行制裁，同時(shí)為已經(jīng)移居美國(guó)的移民發(fā)放津貼。但這項(xiàng)法案并不是對(duì)所有人都有利。

Some believed it would handle illegal immigrants in an arbitrary fashion, and hurt localbusinessmen. Others thought it would prove to be too be costly, and in the end, ineffective.The Simpson-Mazzoli bill was ultimately signed into law on November 7, 1986.

有人認(rèn)為這是以一種獨(dú)斷專行的方式處理非法移民問(wèn)題，同時(shí)也損害了地方商人的利益。其他人則認(rèn)為這是一項(xiàng)吃力不討好的決策。最終 Simpson-Mazzoli 法案于1986年被簽署成為法律。

A delicate compromise, passed after five years of trying, the new law didn't solve theproblems of immigration, but alleviated them. Immigration policies that challenge Congresstoday are even more complex… balancing new security issues with the desire to preserve thediversity and strength that immigrants bring.

經(jīng)過(guò)五年的努力，法案通過(guò)了微妙的妥協(xié)。最新的法律并沒(méi)有解決移民問(wèn)題，但卻緩和了矛盾。如今國(guó)會(huì)面臨的移民政策的挑戰(zhàn)愈加復(fù)雜...移民會(huì)帶來(lái)多樣性和新的力量，在這樣的愿景下權(quán)衡新出現(xiàn)的安全問(wèn)題。