時(shí)差N小時(shí):槍械管制 Gun Control Act

The debate over gun control in America has beenongoing and intense for many years — withproponents seeking to reduce gun—related injuriesand curtail criminal activity, and opponentssighting second—amendment rights and the needto defend themselves. Despite the complexities ofdiffering opinions, sometimes there's been enoughagreement for legislation to pass Congress.

在美國(guó)槍械管制一直是多年來(lái)備受爭(zhēng)議的話題。支持者力圖減少槍支造成的受傷事件以及殘忍的犯罪活動(dòng)，而反對(duì)者則照準(zhǔn)第二修正法案的權(quán)力，以及防身的需要。盡管意見(jiàn)不同，情況復(fù)雜，但有時(shí)還是有足夠的協(xié)議讓國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)立法。

The first major gun control act was passed by Congress in 1934, regulating the sale of fully—automatic fire arms, like machine guns, after an assassination attempt on President-electFranklin Roosevelt and a series of organized crime killings. In 1938, a further restrictionrequired licenses for gun dealers, and prohibited gun sales to people who had committed aviolent felony.

1934年，在企圖暗殺總統(tǒng)當(dāng)選人富蘭克林·羅斯福以及一系列有組織殺人事件之后，國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)了第一項(xiàng)重大的槍械管控法案，這條法案規(guī)范了全自動(dòng)武器，比如說(shuō)機(jī)關(guān)槍的銷售。1938年進(jìn)行了更進(jìn)一步的限制，即要求槍支經(jīng)銷商持照經(jīng)營(yíng)，并禁止向有過(guò)犯罪記錄的人的售賣槍支。

The 1963 assassination of President John Kennedy — which was committed with a mail—order rifle — and the subsequent assassinations of Martin Luther King and Senator RobertKenndey in 1968, led Congress to pass additional legislation. The Gun Control Act of 1968added many restrictions on who could import, buy, and sell guns, and established harsherpenalties for those using a gun in the commission of a federal crime. The debate on guncontrol remains an intense one across the country today — making this a particularly difficultissue to tackle.

1963年約翰·肯尼迪總統(tǒng)刺殺事件——事后證實(shí)兇器是郵購(gòu)步槍——1968年馬丁·路德金和參議員羅伯特·肯尼迪被刺，促使國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)新的立法。1968年的槍械管制法令對(duì)進(jìn)口，購(gòu)買，售賣槍支又進(jìn)行了多項(xiàng)限制，并且對(duì)使用槍支進(jìn)行聯(lián)邦犯罪的人處以更嚴(yán)厲的懲罰。如今，槍支管控仍然是全美人民備受爭(zhēng)議的話題，這使槍支問(wèn)題變得尤為棘手。