新概念英語第二冊詳解第7課:為時(shí)太晚 Too late

　　一、單詞講解

　　1、detective n. 偵探

　　detective story 偵探小說

　　2、airport n. 機(jī)場

　　airfield n. 飛機(jī)起落的場地

　　port 港口；airport航空港

　　field 田野；airfield 停機(jī)坪

　　at the airport

　　on the airfield

　　3、expect v. 期待，等待

　　except 除……之外

　　expect／ik'spekt/ v. 期待，等待

　　I think so.

　　I expect so.我希望如此［口語］

　　expect sb.to do sth.期待某人做某事

　　expect sth.及物動詞：I expect your letter.

　　I expect you to write back.

　　wait for sth./wait for sb.不及物動詞

　　expect:心理上的等待

　　wait for:動作上的等待

　　I wait for my mother.

　　I expect my mother to come back.

　　4、valuable adj. 貴重的

　　precious adj. 珍貴的

　　value n.---valuable adj.有價(jià)值的

　　sth.is valuable/sth.is precious

　　precious 帶有感情色彩的

　　precious photo 珍貴的照片

　　price 價(jià)格；priceless adj.-less 表否定；沒有價(jià)格的，無價(jià)的

　　valueless adj. 沒有價(jià)值，不足道的

　　worth 值：worthless adj. 無價(jià)值的

　　5、diamond n. 鉆石

　　precious stone 寶石

　　crystal 水晶; jade 玉

　　diamond ring 鉆石戒指

　　6、steal v. 偷

　　steal,stole,stolen

　　steal sth. 偷（某物）

　　rob sb. 搶(某人)

　　My wallet was stolen.

　　I was robbed.

　　rob the bank

　　7、main adj. 主要的

　　main building; main street

　　main sentence; main idea

　　不與人連用

　　8、guard n. 警戒，守衛(wèi)

　　life guard 救生員/body guard　保鏢

　　二、語法重點(diǎn)--賓語

　　 這也是新概念英語第二冊的語法重點(diǎn)

　　1、v.+prep.介詞+賓語

　　come and look at...

　　I am looking for...

　　2、 v.+prep. 介詞/adv.代表不同的意思

　　look at 看；look after照料

　　3、v.+prep./adv.+賓語（ｎ．）

　　v.+賓語（n./pron.)+prep./adv.

　　take off the coat……take the coat off/take it off

　　coat n.作賓語

　　put on your shoes/put your shoes on/put them on

　　筆記:

　　賓語的位置和詞性取決于施加動作的動詞（在樂加樂學(xué)過新二的孩子應(yīng)該知道賓語的構(gòu)成和位子）

　　介詞出現(xiàn)，一定要有賓語，所以　v.+prep.+賓語(n.)

　　副詞可省略．v.+賓語(n./pron.)+adv. 或　v.+adv.+賓語(n.)

　　at,after prep; off adv.

　　vt.+賓語

　　vi.+prep.+賓語

　　take vt./look vi.

　　I always take money with me.

　　附上及物動詞和不及物動詞講解：

　　A 有些動詞只是及物動詞; 它們不可以單獨(dú)用，后面必須跟賓語。

　　{ False: They always want after lunch.

　　Right: They always want a cup of tea after lunch.

　　{ False: He is sending now.

　　Right: He is sending a letter now.

　　B 有些動詞只是不及物動詞；它們可以單獨(dú)用，如果后面想接賓語，動詞后面必須加上介詞。

　　{ Right: He is looking around.

　　False: He is looking me.

　　Right: He is looking at me.

　　{ Right: He is listening carefully.

　　False: He is listening the teacher carefully.

　　Right: He is listening to the teacher carefully.

　　C 有些動詞既是及物動詞，又是不及物動詞; 但是有時(shí)候詞義會改變。

　　{ The customer is asking loudly.

　　The customer is asking for you now.

　　The customer is asking a question now.

　　{ If you work hard, you will succeed.

　　If you work hard, you will succeed in passing the exam (same meaning).

　　If you work hard, you will succeed John as the manager of this company (different meaning).

　　Exercise

　　put the book on the desk--> put vt.

　　put out...-->out adv.

　　He is looking for his pen.……for prep.

　　1.give away...-->give(vt.)-->give...away

　　2.woke up...-->wake sb.(vt.);up(adv.)-->wake...up...

　　wake me up.叫醒我；代詞做賓語，放在動詞與副詞之間

　　3.look for...-->look(vi.)

　　4.cut off...-->cut(vt.);cut oneself;cut hair

　　5.put on...-->put...on...

　　6.give it back...-->it(pron.)

　　7.lift up...-->up(adv.)可省略；lift(up)sth;lift sth.up

　　8.take off...;put on...--->take (vt.)put(vt.)

　　9.look at...--->look(vi.)

　　10.send her away...---her(pron.)

　　11.pull down...-->pull(vt.);down(adv.)

　　pull one's leg 開玩笑

　　12.make up...--->make(vt.)up one's mind習(xí)慣用法不換,語法可換

　　13.ask for...-->ask(sb.)for sth. 省略sb.

　　14.throw away...-->throw(vt.)...away...

　　三、時(shí)態(tài)重點(diǎn)

　　過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

　　They were expecting a valuable parcel of diamonds from South Africa.

　　The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning.

　　When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting

on the airfield.

　　While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel.

　　（1）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的概念和用法

　　過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動作。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的常用的時(shí)間狀語有阿at that moment, this morning, all

day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening等。看課文中的句子，標(biāo)志過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語有： all morning， while，

when。

　　(2) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情。

　　When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting

on the airfield.

　　當(dāng)飛機(jī)到達(dá)時(shí)，一些偵探等候在主樓內(nèi)，另一些偵探則守候在停機(jī)坪上。

　?。?） 不是所有的動詞都能夠用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的。如 agree, be, believe, belong, forget, hate, hear, know等。

　　例如：

　　誤：I was knowing the answer.

　　正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。

　　下面歸納一下通常不能用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的動詞：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(擁有), hear,

know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。

　　例如：

　　誤：I was knowing the answer.

　　正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。

　　誤：I wasn't understanding him.

　　正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。

　　（4）、典型例題

　　1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

　　A. made　 B. is making　 C. was making　 D. makes

　　答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。同　時(shí)，when表時(shí)間的同時(shí)性，"瑪麗在做衣服時(shí)"提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因

此用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

　　2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.

　　read； was falling　B. was reading； fell　C. was reading； was falling　D. read；fell

　　答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當(dāng)……之時(shí)"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí)，用過去進(jìn)行；一個(gè)長動作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一

個(gè)短動作發(fā)生。句意為 "在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell (fall的過去時(shí))，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。

　　牛刀小試：

　　1 What ______ from three to four yesterday afternoon?

　　A have you done B had you done C did you do D were you doing

　　2 - I call you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.

　　- Oh., I'm sorry I _____ dinner at my friend's home.

　　A home B had C was having D have had

　　3 My mother _____ while my father _____TV.

　　A cooked; was watching B was cooking; was watching

　　C was cooked; watched D cooked; watched

　　4 When I got home, my son _____ the music.

　　A am listening to B listened to C was listening to D was listening