一、本課生詞和短語
1、exciting adj. 令人興奮的
excite:激動
excited:
-ed: 自己感到
-ing:令人感到
exciting boy
interesting man
The man is interesting.
The news exciting,I am excited
其賓語一定是人
The news excited me.
讓后面的人感到...
interesting:令人感到有趣的
interested: 感到有意思的
The book interests me.
2、receive v. 接受,收到
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.
我剛剛收到弟弟蒂姆的來信,
receive[ri5si:v]vt.收到, 接到, 接收(receive的過去式和過去分詞是received)
re-前綴,表"又,重新"的意思。
Receive/ accept/和take的區(qū)別:
accept:同意接收
receive:客觀的收到
take take the exam:接收考試; take advice接收建議
This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didn't accept
it.
take take the exam:接收考試; take advice接收建議
receive/have
receive/have a letter from somebody.
3、firm n. 商行,公司
Company
firm 主要用在非正式場合和口語,Company 是公司的正式稱呼。
4、abroad adv. 在國外
副詞,直接和動詞連用
go aroad
live abroad
study abroad
5、so he is finding this trip very exciting.因此,他覺得這次旅行非常激動人心。
重點了解動詞find:
find[faind]vt.找到, 發(fā)現(xiàn), 感到, 查明, 得到, 認(rèn)為, 見到...的存在vi.裁決n.發(fā)現(xiàn)
find 過去式和過去分詞是found
讀一讀幾個有find 的例句:
1. I think I'm lost; I can't find the bridge.
我想我是迷路了,我找不到那座橋了。
2. We have found oil under the North Sea.
我們在北海發(fā)現(xiàn)了石油。
3.find it difficult to explain
覺得難以說明
4. find a good friend in (sb.)
發(fā)現(xiàn)某人是個好朋友
習(xí)慣用語:
find out 發(fā)現(xiàn), 找出; 猜著, 想出; 揭發(fā)(壞人等)
be found in 在某地, 到某地
be found at 在某地, 到某地
6、……he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.
a great number of 不少的,多數(shù)的
great number of 接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),例如:a great number of books, a great number of workers.
二、本文時態(tài)講解
本課出現(xiàn)最多的是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的用法,助動詞have/has+動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成完成時態(tài)。它的否定句是在have/has后邊加not,變一般疑問句是把have/has提前。E.g. I have ridden a horse. I have not ridden a horse. Have you ridden a horse?
它的時間狀語通常為already, just, yet, ever, never, before等。另外還可和since+表過去的時間點,for+時間段連用。
課文中現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)標(biāo)志性的詞語有:just, for six months,already,before, never .幾乎將所有的標(biāo)志性詞語全部用上了。所以大家要好好背誦記憶。
在學(xué)習(xí)完成時態(tài)中,常常愛錯的三個地方:
在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中,1、易丟掉have/has:
例:He taken (take) the medicine before.
答案:has taken
解析:have/has 為助動詞,起構(gòu)成時態(tài)的作用,是不能省略的。我們可以這樣記:
"現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中,have/has 不可缺。"
2、have與has易用混 :
例:I has never heard (hear) of that before.
答案:have heard
解析:現(xiàn)在完成時與一般現(xiàn)在時一樣也有單三人稱的變化,當(dāng)單三人稱作主語時用 has, 一般人稱作主語時用have.
3、延續(xù)性動詞與短暫性動詞易弄錯:
例:She has left (離開) for 2 hours.
答案:has been away
解析:在肯定句中,與since或for引出的時間狀語連用的是延續(xù)性動詞,不能是短暫性動詞,但在否定句中短暫性動詞也是可以的。E.g. I haven't bought clothes for one year. 在此題中l(wèi)eave是短暫性動詞,不能與for+時間段連用,須把它改成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞。如stop be over等。此題中l(wèi)eave要改成be away。這兩種詞的轉(zhuǎn)換是學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時需要注意的。
新概念英語第二冊中,有些課文中出現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)與過去完成時態(tài),那兩者有什么區(qū)別?
區(qū)別就看他們有無兩個表過去的時間,若有,就用過去完成時:
1.現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生某動作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(將來還有可能繼續(xù)下去)。常和for+時間段和since+時間點連用。
I have studied English for 3 years.( 從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在)
I have taught here since I came here.( 主句的動作"教"從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在),(記?。簊ince(從……)從句的動作要用過去時,我們平時不是愛說"從過去"嗎?)
2.過去完成時則主要體現(xiàn)過去發(fā)生的兩動作的先后有別,表達(dá)的是"過去的過去",即比過去發(fā)生的某動作都還要"過去",兩動作中先發(fā)生的就用過去完成時,后發(fā)生的則只用一般過去時。運用過去完成時的句子往往有兩過去的時間或動作。
Mr Green had lived in New York for ten years before he came to China.("來"中國已過去,而先前"住"在紐約更過去!)
We had learned 1000 words by the end of last term.
?。?quot;上期期末"已過去,而是在其前"學(xué)"的就更過去了?。?br />
三、課文其他易混淆語法
have/has been to, have/has gone to 之間的區(qū)別:
文中原句:
He has been there for six months.has gone to Alice springs,
have/has been to強調(diào)的是"去過"某地,已經(jīng)不在所說的地方,可以和次數(shù)(once,twice,three times)連用,還可以和never ,ever, just, before,so far,already等連用,但是不能和表示一段時間的短語連用(如:how long,for two days,since last week等)
have/has gone to表示"去了"某地,已經(jīng)不在這里了,故不能和第一和第二人稱連用,不能跟次數(shù)連用,不能和never,ever,before連用,還不能和一段時間連用。
Have/has been in 強調(diào)的是在某個地方停留的時間,要接一段時間。
動手練習(xí):
-Mr Li isn't here. He_______Suzhou.
-What a good place!But I_____away from my hometown since I worked.
A has been to;have never been
B has gone to;havenever been
C has been to;didn't be
D has gone to;have never gone