口語進階-敘事口語材料：中國萬里長城的歷史02

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口語進階一般為更資深的英語學(xué)習(xí)者準(zhǔn)備，包括對詞匯的了解，對語態(tài)的理解等。下面請結(jié)合mp3以及下方的原文和翻譯，開始今天的口語進階練習(xí)吧！

原文及翻譯

Eventually, the Chinese rebelled and overthrew their Mongol rulers. Nonetheless, the Mongols remained a threat. In 1449, they destroyed a Chinese army and captured the emperor. A new Great Wall was begun to keep the Mongols out. This is the wall which tourists visit today and which is pictured on Chinese stamps. 

最終，中國人起義推翻了蒙古統(tǒng)治者。盡管如此，蒙古人仍然是一個威脅。1449 年，他們摧毀了一支中國軍隊并俘虜了皇帝。為了阻止蒙古人入侵，人們開始修建新的長城。這就是今天游客參觀的長城，也是中國郵票上的照片。

Construction continued for 200 years. While some parts were built of packed earth, much of the wall was built of stone, brick, and rubble. This is why it took so long; stones had to be quarried, and bricks baked and carried to the site. Laborers, peasants, soldiers, and criminals were forced to work on the wall. Large and small forts and watchtowers carefully guarded the wall. 

修建持續(xù)了 200 年。雖然有些部分是用夯土建造的，但大部分長城是用石頭、磚塊和瓦礫建造的。這就是為什么修建過程如此漫長的原因；必須開采石頭，燒制磚塊并運送到現(xiàn)場。勞工、農(nóng)民、士兵和罪犯被迫修建長城。大大小小的堡壘和瞭望塔小心翼翼地守衛(wèi)著長城。

Nearly a million soldiers were stationed along it. The Chinese defenders lit fires when the enemy was sighted; plumes of smoke and cannon shots told that the enemy was advancing and how many there were. By 1644, the new wall was almost completed. That same year, however, an internal uprising overthrew the emperor. This revolt was partly caused by the high taxes demanded to pay for the wall. The emperor's men invited the nomadic Manchu tribe to come through the gates of the wall to help put down the revolt. 

沿長城駐扎了近一百萬士兵。中國守軍發(fā)現(xiàn)敵人時會點火；濃煙和炮聲表明敵人正在推進，人數(shù)眾多。到 1644 年，新長城幾乎完工。然而，就在同一年，一場內(nèi)部起義推翻了皇帝。這場起義的部分原因是修建長城所征收的高額稅收?；实鄣牟肯卵堄文恋臐M族部落穿過長城大門，幫助鎮(zhèn)壓起義。

The Manchus came, but they stayed and ruled China for several hundred years. Since the Manchus ruled both north and south of the wall, they did not care about maintaining it. Many parts fell into disrepair, and some completely disappeared. Today, the parts that remain are a major tourist attraction. The Great Wall of China is one of the wonders of the world, even if it really didn't succeed in its purpose of keeping the northern nomads out of China.

滿族人來了，但他們留下來統(tǒng)治了中國幾百年。由于滿族統(tǒng)治著長城的南北兩面，他們并不關(guān)心長城的維護。許多部分年久失修，有些甚至完全消失了。今天，剩下的部分是一個主要的旅游景點。中國的長城是世界奇跡之一，即使它并沒有真正實現(xiàn)將北方游牧民族擋在中國之外的目的。

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