英語流行話題聽力:Unit 15 交際面面觀(2)

[00:00.01] Unit 15 Levels of Communication( 2) Evaluative communication: Offering opinions, ideas and judgments to others. [00:14.08] This is risky business because the odds are that others will give their own evaluations, which may be different from yours. [00:22.14] When people always use evaluative communication, they must be prepared for conflict. [00:29.03] Many U.S. Americans enjoy sharing at this level and feel that disagreeing with others is useful and invigorating. [00:37.45] Unfortunately, many of us do not use evaluative communication with a high level of competence. [00:44.29] It's important to consider the value of critical and creative thinking, as well as the relational meanings of messages that are exchanged. [00:53.00] When using evaluative communication, consider carefully the importance of descriptive and responsible expressions. [01:01.36] Try to avoid warnings, sarcasms, and nonverbal put downs( e.g., rolling your eyes in response to another's comments). [01:11.56] eg: Of all my children, my daughter is the better athlete. [01:18.12] I thought that movie was excellent, particularly with the surprising ending. [01:23.52] I 'm not convinced that your argument is well supported. [01:28.04] I agree with you! [01:29.27] Emotional communication: involves sharing our emotions and feelings with another. [01:36.29] We are sharing our inner self when we allow others to know our heart. [01:41.11] This is risky business! [01:43.31] Societies place constraints upon the specific emotions( e.g., It's good to express love; it's bad to express hatred). [01:53.20] We also have rules about when and how feelings can be expressed(" That was the wrong time and place for arguing with your wife. [02:01.29] eg) eg: I deeply appreciate your thoughtfulness and generosity in helping me earlier. [02:10.28] I 'm so frustrated with you! [02:13.49] I wish that I had not called you that name. [02:16.37] I hope that you 'll forgive me. [02:18.35] He called me! [02:21.02] I 'm so excited to see him again! [02:25.26] The greater the need to communicate our feelings, the harder it is to do. [02:30.11] Indeed, sharing our opinions and emotions is risky business. [02:35.31] We minimize the risk when we move through the levels of communication step by step. [02:41.09] That is, each conversation ought to begin with phatic communication and move through the levels before moving to the more intimate levels. [02:51.42] Generally, we communicate at the same level. [02:55.01] There is a social convention to match levels. [02:58.20] If the other starts a conversation at the evaluative level, we often feel compelled to respond similarly.

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