每日一詞|土壤沙化、土壤耗竭、土壤侵蝕

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土壤是人類生存和社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要基礎(chǔ)，土壤的質(zhì)量關(guān)系著農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的生長和安全，果子的品質(zhì)以及果園的產(chǎn)量全都依靠著土壤的質(zhì)量，更關(guān)系著人民的身體健康。我們來學(xué)習(xí)土壤相關(guān)的譯詞。

土壤沙化

desertification

A top U.N. advisor said on Friday that every minute, 23 hectares of land are degraded by drought and desertification.一名聯(lián)合國高級(jí)顧問本周五說，因?yàn)楦珊岛屯寥郎郴F(xiàn)在的每一分鐘，都有23公頃的土地退化。"Now, globally speaking, we're losing 12 million hectares of productive land. We're losing them every single year due to drought and desertification. 12 million hectares, it is even more than the size of my country, Benin," he said."現(xiàn)在，在全球范圍內(nèi)，我們每年要失去1200萬公頃的可耕作土地。就是因?yàn)楦珊岛屯寥郎郴?200萬公頃，這甚至比我的祖國貝寧的國土還要多。"他訴說道。

土壤耗竭

soil depletion

In agriculture, soil depletion can be due to excessively intense cultivation and inadequate soil management.在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，超負(fù)荷耕種和不良的土壤管理可導(dǎo)致土壤耗竭。Modern farming methods have caused massive soil depletion. All of this has happened in less than one hundred years, but with the exception of some smaller farmers and home gardeners that practice sustainable farming, involving crop rotation and composting.現(xiàn)代化農(nóng)業(yè)造成了大范圍的土地耗竭，而這一切都發(fā)生在過去的不到一百年間。不過，也有一些例外存在：一些小農(nóng)戶和自家小菜園采用了可持續(xù)的科學(xué)耕種方式，比如輪作和堆肥。

土壤侵蝕

soil erosion

Soil erosion reduces cropland productivity and contributes to the pollution of adjacent watercourses, wetlands and lakes.土壤侵蝕會(huì)使農(nóng)田生產(chǎn)能力下降，還是引發(fā)周邊河道，濕地和湖泊的污染的原因之一。Low organic matter, loss of soil structure, poor internal drainage, salinisation and soil acidity problems are other serious soil degradation conditions that can accelerate the soil erosion process.還有其它一些嚴(yán)重的土壤退化狀況可使土壤侵蝕的速度加快，如有機(jī)質(zhì)含量匱乏，土壤團(tuán)粒結(jié)構(gòu)破壞，通氣透水性能低下，鹽漬化和土壤酸度失衡。# 更多譯詞招聘

（來源同文世紀(jì)翻譯）

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