初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全：連詞

IV 比較so和 such

其規(guī)律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副

詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many，few，much， little連用，形成固定搭配。

so + adj.　　　　　　　　　such + a(n) + n.

so + adj. + a(n) + n.　　　such + n. (pl.)

so + adj. + n. (pl.)　　　 such +n. (pl.)

so + adj. + n. [不可數(shù)]　　such +n. [不可數(shù)]

so foolish　　　　　　　　 such a fool

so nice a flower　　　　　 such a nice flower

so many/ few flowers　　　 such nice flowers

so much/little money.　　　such rapid progress

so many people　　　　　　 such a lot of people

so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當(dāng)于 many，但 a lot of 為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。

so…that與such…that之間的轉(zhuǎn)換既為 so與such之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。

Eg :The MP3 cost me ________ money that I ccouldn't afford to buy it .

A .so much .B .such much C .so many

D . such many .(Key :A )

注意:too .... to .. ,so ..... that .... , such .... that .... , enough ..... to ...., 的互換.

so that to = in order to /that 的用法.

Eg A .He is too young to go to school.

B .He is ____ a young boy _____ he ____ go to school .

C .He is ____ young ____ he ____ go to school .

D .He isn't ______ _______ ______ go to school (Keys :B :such , that , can't C :so ,that ,can't .D : old ,enough to )

易錯(cuò)分析：

①關(guān)于not…until

He stayed there until it was very late.

句中，stay是可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，所以不用not。

He didn't leave until it was very late.

句中，leave是不可延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，所以用not

②because, so;although, but

上面已經(jīng)提到，because和so及although和but不連用。

例如:

Because he was late, he didn't catch the first bus.

一定不可以說(shuō)

Because he was late, so he didn't catch the first bus.

③or還是and

祈使句+or+陳述句前后是對(duì)立的

祈使句+and+陳述句前后是統(tǒng)一的

(or或and后的陳述句，常用一般將來(lái)時(shí))

Study hard, or you won't pass the exam.

Study hard, and you will pass the exam.

兩句都可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“If條件句+主句”形式，注意：要去掉or和and：

If you don't study hard, you won't pass the exam.

If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

④because, since, as, for表示原因時(shí)的區(qū)別

盡管because, for, since, as都表示原因，但是用法上有不同.

because通常表示說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為這種理由或者原因是聽話人所不知道的.

如:

He didn't attend the meeting because he had too much work to do.

since表示的原因是人們已知的事實(shí)，常譯作“既然”。

如：

Since he can't answer this question, you'd better ask someone else.

as表示原因與since差別不大，只是語(yǔ)氣更弱,多譯為“由于”

如：

As I haven't seen the film, I can't tell you what I think of it.

for表示因果關(guān)系時(shí)，只能放在主句之后，不能放在句首。而且經(jīng)常是對(duì)主句補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明理由或推斷原因。

如：

It rained last night, for the ground is wet.

⑤ as, when, while

這三個(gè)連詞都可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，但用法有所不同。

1) 當(dāng)某事正在進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，又發(fā)生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表示“背景”的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：

As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.

2) 當(dāng)兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，最常用的是while。例如：

While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.

3) 當(dāng)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都表示發(fā)展變化的情況時(shí)，最常用的是as。例如：

As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.

4) 當(dāng)兩個(gè)短動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，或表示“一邊…一邊…”時(shí)，最常用as。例如：

Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.

She looked behind from time to time as she went

5) 當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作時(shí)，通常用when。例如：

When he finished his work, he took a short rest.

6) 當(dāng)從句是瞬間動(dòng)作，主句是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作時(shí)，通常用when。例如：

When John arrived I was cooking lunch.

(6)if, whether

if和whether都可作“是否”講，在引導(dǎo)賓與從句是一般可互換。例如：

I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.

I don’t know whether (if) he likes that film.

1) 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。例如：

Whether he will come to the party is unknown.

2) 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。例如：

The question is whether I can pass the exam.

3) 在不定式前。例如：

I haven’t made up my mind whether to go there or not.