外國人最想和你聊的名人話題：拿破侖·波拿巴
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About Napoléon 關(guān)于拿破侖
Napoléon Bonaparte was a military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution. As Napoléon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815.
Napoléon was born in Corsica to parents of noble Italian ancestry and trained as an artillery officer in mainland France. Bonaparte rose to prominence under the French First Republic and led successful campaigns against the First and Second Coalitions arrayed against France. In 1799, he staged a coup détat and installed himself as First Consul; five years later the French Senate proclaimed him emperor. In the first decade of the 19th century, the French Empire under Napoléon engaged in a series of conflicts-the Napoléonic Wars-involving every major European power. After a streak of victories, France secured a dominant position in continental Europe, and Napoléon maintained the French sphere of influence through the formation of extensive alliances and the appointment of friends and family members to rule other European countries as French client states. Napoléon's campaigns are studied at military academies throughout much of the world.
The French invasion of Russia in 1812 marked a turning point in Napoléon's fortunes. His Grande Armée was badly damaged in the campaign and never fully recovered. In 1813, the Sixth Coalition defeated his forces at Leipzig; the following year the Coalition invaded France, forced Napoléon to abdicate and exiled him to the island of Elba. Less than a year later, he escaped Elba and returned to power, but was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815. Napoléon spent the last six years of his life in confinement by the British on the island of Saint Helena. An autopsy concluded he died of stomach cancer, though Sten Forshufvud and other scientists have since conjectured he was poisoned with arsenic.
拿破侖有句膾炙人口的名言：不想當(dāng)將軍的士兵，不是好士兵。這是他親口說的或是用筆寫下來的。但我估計他心里還有沒說的另外一句：不想當(dāng)皇帝的將軍，不是好將軍！
和幾乎所有偉人一樣，拿破侖不說從小就有當(dāng)皇帝的大志，但是好斗的性格則是從娘胎里出來就有的--好斗是成為一個偉人的必要條件。偉人和凡人的區(qū)別就是：偉人制定游戲規(guī)則，凡人遵守游戲規(guī)則。而只有具備了好斗的性格，才有可能會不屈從于原來的規(guī)則，并且試著去改善、改變甚至完全打破一切約束去制定規(guī)則的眼光、勇氣以及能力。這些對于成為一個偉人來說是缺一不可的。很幸運，拿破侖就是這樣的人物，至少他有成為一個偉人的天賦。
Napoléon reunited the country.
拿破侖重建了國家。
Napoléon's militaristic ambition was finally to his downfall.
拿破侖的軍國主義野心最終還是失敗了。
Napoléon had no superior as a general.
作為一個將軍沒人比拿破侖更優(yōu)越。
Napoléon's fleet was annihilated by Nelson.
拿破侖的艦隊為納爾遜所消滅。
Napoléon's exile to Elba was brief.
拿破侖被放逐到厄爾巴島的時間很短。
Napoléon is the ruler of France.
拿破侖是法國的統(tǒng)治者。
Even in places with a Napoléonic code, lawyers abound.
即便是拿破侖法典的國家也盛產(chǎn)律師。
Napoléon's commanders insisted that he should give up the throne.
拿破侖的司令官們也堅決主張他放棄帝位。
Our teacher outlined Napoléon's Russian Campaign in class.
我們老師在課堂上概述拿破侖的征俄戰(zhàn)役。
Napoléon's attempt to alter that balance was characteristically bold and risky.
拿破侖改變均勢的企圖非常大膽，也十分冒險。
Napoléon had great prestige in the army, and his men idolized him.
拿破侖在軍隊里頗有威信，他的士兵非常崇拜他。
It was so long ago. Napoléon hadn't even invaded us then!
那是很久以前的事了。那時拿破侖還沒有侵略我們！
Napoléon divorced his French wife in order to marry an Austrian princess.
為了娶一位奧地利公主，拿破侖和他的法國妻子離了婚。
The Institute had the academician, Napoléon Bonaparte, stricken from its list of members.
法蘭西學(xué)院任人把院士拿破侖·波拿巴從它的名冊上除名。
The laws of France were codified from 1804 to 1810 by order of Napoléon I.
法國法典系受拿破侖一世之命自1804至1810年編成。
Napoléon probably died of stomach cancer.
拿破侖可能死于胃癌。
Napoléon was astonished.
拿破侖感到很驚訝。
"Either you are mad, or I am." Napoléon declared.
拿破侖斷言道："不是你瘋了，就是我瘋了"。
In the annals of history, Steve Jobs appeared to have one-upped Napoléon.
在歷史紀錄上，斯蒂夫·喬布斯看起來似乎已經(jīng)勝過了拿破侖。
When he viewed a military problem he would ponder how Napoléon or Caesar would have dealt with it.
審視軍事問題，韋維爾會思索拿破侖或愷撒猶在，將會如何應(yīng)對。
Napoléon's political life ended at Waterloo, but the decisive turning point was his defeat at Moscow.
拿破侖的政治生命，終結(jié)于滑鐵盧，而其決定點，則是在莫斯科的失敗。
History tells us how Russia made a courageous retreat to avoid a decisive engagement and then defeated Napoléon, the terror of his age.
歷史上，俄國以避免決戰(zhàn)，執(zhí)行了勇敢的退卻，戰(zhàn)勝了威震一時的拿破侖。
Napoléon's intention was not to occupy Russia or overthrow Alexander by stirring a domestic revolt against him.
拿破侖侵略的目的不是占領(lǐng)俄國而是通過掀起國內(nèi)叛亂推翻亞歷山大的統(tǒng)治。
Napoléon dismissed Britain as a nation of shopkeepers, but its emerging might as a trading power helped fight him off.
拿破侖鄙視英國是店主之國，但或許正是因為其作為一個貿(mào)易國家的新興威力幫助打敗了他。
Napoléon returned from the island of Elba.
拿破侖從厄爾巴島回來了。
Napoléon's campaigns saw such voracious plundering that his fors eventually forced France to give much of it back.
在拿破侖時代的戰(zhàn)爭中，法國士兵進行了大量貪婪掠奪，后來其敵國迫使法國歸還了其中大部分東西。
That's a memoir of Napoléon.
那是拿破侖的回憶錄。
Mike: Do you know the story of Napoléon?
麥克：你知道拿破侖的故事嗎?
Daisy: I only know that he is a great militarist in France.
黛西：我只知道他是法國歷史上偉大的軍事家。
Mike: He has won countless wars.
麥克：他贏過了無數(shù)場戰(zhàn)爭。
Daisy: He is an ambitious man.
黛西：他是個很有野心的人。
Mike: You need to have ambition to be exceptional.
麥克：你必須要有野心才能變得卓越。
Daisy: Just as Napoléon said the soldiers who do not want to be generals are not good soldiers.
黛西：正如拿破侖所說的不想當(dāng)將軍的士兵不是好士兵。
Mike: But he failed in his last battle.
麥克：但他在最后一場戰(zhàn)役中失敗了。
Daisy: Yes, it's a pity.
黛西：是的，的確很遺憾。
Mike: But he left many valuable legacies, such as the law.
麥克：但他留下了很多寶貴的財富，比如說法典。
Daisy: He will always be remembered.
黛西：他會永遠被人們記住的。
Mike: I want to buy an Autobiography of Napoléon to know more about him.
麥克：我想買一本《拿破侖傳》來更好地了解他。
Daisy: Let's drop by the book store later.
黛西：我們一會兒去一下書店吧。
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