導(dǎo)游必看：佛教用語中英對照（上）

A

abbot's quarters 丈室 *

the Abhidharma-kosa-Shastra 《俱舍論》

Abhidharma Pitika 論藏

the Abstract of Abhidharma-kosa-Shastra 《俱舍大要》

the Abstract of the Awesome Deportments of Ten Shramanera Precepts 《沙彌十戒威儀錄要》

the Accomplishment Buddha 成就佛 *

accordingly rejoice 隨喜 *

acharya 阿阇梨 *

affinities 因緣 * (with emphasis on good relationships)

aid 加持 *

the Akshobhya Buddha 阿閦佛 *

Alaya-Consciousness 阿賴耶識 = Storehouse Consciousness 藏識 *

the Agama Sutra 《阿含經(jīng)》

All living beings have the Buddha-nature; all can become Buddhas. 一切眾生，皆有佛性，皆堪作佛。*

almsgiver / giving host 施主 *

an amala fruit 庵摩羅果 *

the Amitabha Sutra 《阿彌陀經(jīng)》 the Buddha Speaks the Amitabha Sutra 《佛說阿彌陀經(jīng)》*

annihilated 斷滅 *

anoint the crown of the head, empowerment or initiation 灌頂 *

analogy 譬喻 *

the Anuttarayoga Tantra 無上瑜伽部

the Anuttarayoga Great-awesome-virtues (Yamantaka) Honored One 無上部大威德一尊

aranya 阿練若 *

arisal of conditions 緣起 *

Ashvajit 馬勝 *

the Attained Great Strength (Mahasthamaprapta) 得大勢 *

attain to wisdom 開智慧 *

attendant 侍者 *

attract 攝

Auspicious Vinaya Monastery 吉祥律院

Avichi Hells 阿鼻地獄 *

awesome deportment 威儀 *

B

blessing / blessedness 福 (It depends on where to use.)

the bliss of Dhyana 禪悅 *

(bring forth) Bodhi resolve, Bodhi-mind, Bodhichitta/Bodhicitta or resolve for enlightenment (發(fā))菩提心 *

Bodhimanda 道場 = Way-place *

body produced by intent 意生身 *

bow (to the feet of) 頂禮 *

bow repentances 拜懺 *

the Brahma Net Sutra 《梵網(wǎng)經(jīng)》*

Bright-eyed Advisors 明眼善知識 *

the Brilliant Mantra of Six Words 六字大明咒 *

bubbling spring 涌泉 *

the Buddha of Immeasurable Life 無量壽佛 *

the Buddha's Universal Great Means Expansive Flower Adornment Sutra 《大方廣佛華嚴(yán)經(jīng)》*

the Buddha-spoken Ullambana Sutra《佛說盂蘭盆經(jīng)》*

Buddhist Association 佛協(xié)

Buddhist Canon = Tripitaka 三藏 *

C

calligraphy 書法 *

carry on the single pulse of the patriarchs' mind-transmission 推行祖師一脈心傳

cast out the false and retain the true 去偽存真 *

catch on fire and enter a demonic state 走火入魔 *

cause and effect 因果 *

causes and conditions 因緣 (with emphasis on the theory, eg. 12 causes and conditions) *

celestial eye 天眼 = heavenly eye *

chandana 旃檀 *

change birth and death 變易生死 *

the Chapter of Dhyana Meditation 《禪定品》

Stopping and Contemplation 止觀

the Chapter of the Universal Door of Gwan Shr Yin Bodhisattva 《觀世音菩薩普門品》*

the Chapter of the Universal Door 《普門品》 *

chef 大寮

clarified butter 醍醐 *

clasp 搭扣 *

climb on conditions / seize upon conditions 攀緣 *

compliantly rejoice 隨喜 = accordingly rejoice *

conditioned dharmas 有為法 *

consciousness devoid of filth 無垢識 *

the Consciousness-only 唯識 *

contemplation method 觀想法

Continuous Walking / Standing Buddha Samadhi 常行/般舟三昧 *

convert (a person) 度(人) *

corpse-guarding ghost 守尸鬼 *

couplet 對聯(lián) *

cross over (a person) 度(人) *

cultivation and certification 修證 *

cycle of rebirth 輪回 *

cymbals 鈸

D

Dakini 空行母

Dana 檀那 *

Danapati 檀越 *

Deer-Wilds Park 鹿野苑 = Deer Park *

defiling objects 塵 *

delusion 惑 *

demon hordes 魔民 *

demon spotting mirror 照魔鏡 *

Dependent Origination and the Emptiness of Nature 緣起性空

deviant pride 邪慢 *

deviant knowledge 邪見 *

Dharani 陀羅尼 *

Dharma Ending Age 末法 *

Dharma events 法事 *

Dharma is level and equal, with no high or low. 是法平等，無有高下。*

Dharma joy 法喜 *

Dharma assembly 法會 *

Dharma master 法師 *

Dharma Semblance Age 像法 *

Dhyana concentration / samadhi 禪定 *

diligent and vigorous 勤精進(jìn) *

direct karma 性業(yè) vs contributing karma 遮業(yè) *

Disseminate the Dharma 傳法

division of seeing 見分 *

division of characteristics 相分 *

Don't do any evil, offer up all good conduct.

諸惡莫作，眾善奉行。*

Dhuta practice 頭陀行 *

dispel subtle delusions 除細(xì)惑 *

draw straws 抽簽 *

E

the Earth Store Sutra 《地藏經(jīng)》 *

efficacious / magical atmosphere 靈氣 *

egocentrism 我執(zhí)

eight virtues of filiality, fraternity, loyalty, trustworthiness, propriety, righteousness, incorruptibility, a sense of shame

八德：孝，悌，忠，信，仁，義，廉，恥

Eight Winds 八風(fēng) *

elder Dharma Master 老法師

eloquence of delight in speech 樂說辯才 *

Empowerment 灌頂 (It's widely used for “anointing head-crown”， it's said it's better than “initiation”。 However, it shall only mean “aid from gurus”。)

enlightenment of self, enlightenment of others, the perfection of enlightened practice 自覺、覺他、覺行圓滿 *

erudition 多聞 *

essence, energy, spirit 精氣神 *

essentials of the mind 心要 *

evil karma 惡業(yè) *

evoke response 感報 *

exalted hero 大雄 *

executive 執(zhí)事 *

exert oneself in ascetism 苦行 *

exploit conditions 攀緣 *

exploits of demons 魔事 *

external paths / externalist religions 外道 *

extinction 滅 *

F

fine comportment 威儀 *

fine mote of dust 微塵 *

five desires 五欲 *

five edible members of the allium family five pungent plants - onions, leeks, garlic, chives or shallots (scallions) 五辛 - 洋蔥、韭、蒜、細(xì)香蔥、大蔥

five marks of decay 五衰相 *

Five Mysterious Meanings 五重玄義 *

five rebellious acts 五逆 *

five Skandhas 五蘊(yùn) *

Five-Syllable Mantra 五字真言 *

flattering and crooked mind 陷曲心 *

flesh-body Bodhisattva 肉身菩薩 *

the Flower Adornment Sutra 《華嚴(yán)經(jīng)》*

Foremost truth 第一義諦 *

foul-mouthed 惡口 *

Four Additional Practices (Heat, Summit, Patience, Foremost in the World) 四加行 *

Four Applications of Mindfulness 四念處 *

Four-armed Gwan Yin (Avalokiteshvara) 四臂觀音

Four Dharmas of Attraction 四攝法 *

Four Dhyanas and Eight Samadhis 四禪八定 *

Four Dhyana Heavens 四禪天 *

fourfold assembly 四眾

four-stage Arahat 四果羅漢 *

freak-spotting mirror 照妖鏡 *

(in) full-lotus posture 跏趺坐 *

Fundamental Honored One (often translated wrongly as “personal deity or tutelary deity”。 It's not a god!) 本尊

G

gather in all six organs 都攝六根 *

Gelukpa Order 格魯派

Geshe 格西

gild image 裝金 *

give rise to the Buddha's knowledge and vision 開佛知見 *

giving 布施 *

goblin 妖 *

gong 鐘 *

good roots 善根 *

Good and Wise Advisor / Good Knowing Advisor 善知識 *

gossip 兩舌 *

go to kitchen 過堂

grasping 取 (十二因緣) *

great affinities 大因緣 *

Great Brahma King 大梵天王 *

the Great Compassion Heart Dharani Sutra 《大悲心陀羅尼經(jīng)》*

great exemplars in the Three Realms 弘范三界 *

great golden-winged peng bird 大鵬金翅鳥 *

Great Vehicle / Mahayana 大乘

great wholesome silence 大善寂力 *

the Greatly Wise Manjushri Bodhisattva 大智文殊師利菩薩 *

ground incense 末香 *

Guest Prefect 知客 *

guru 上師