本文主要主要講解在翻譯題可能考察的名詞性從句、定語從句、狀語從句等,并列舉了一些四級翻譯真題實例,而且給出了參考答案。
一. 名詞性從句
名詞從句是指行使名詞功能的從句,包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句以及補語從句。
1.主語從句---從句作主語
主語從句主要由that, what, whether, how以及其它詞引導,還有就是由代詞it作形式主語。
That he survived the accident is a miracle.他在這場事故中幸免于難,真是奇跡。
特別提示:盡管that并沒有實際含義,但是他起到引導主語從句的功能,在這里不可或缺。
What he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance.他喜歡做的事情被社會所忽視,認為毫無價值,無足輕重。
How he managed to finish the job is of interest to us all.他是如何設(shè)法完成這項工作的,我們對此都很感興趣。
Whether the results will be valuable depends partly on our attitudes towards it.結(jié)果是否有價值在部分程度上取決于我們對此的態(tài)度。
特別提示:whether引導的主語從句位于句首時,whether不能由if代替。
2.賓語從句---從句作賓語。
The court decisions have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education.法院裁決責令公立學校必須采取必要步驟提供這種教育。
I can’t understand why he avoided speaking to me.我不理解他為什么不跟我說話。
真題重現(xiàn)
【CET-4:2007.12】Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life ____________(是用他們能夠借到多少來衡量的), not how much they can earn.
參考答案:is measured by how much they can loan
3.表語從句---從句作表語
The next question we have to decide is when we have to submit the annual report.我們必須決定的下一個問題是,什么時候我們必須呈交年度報告。
【CET-4:2007.12】In my sixties, one change I notice is that _____(我比以前更容易累了)。
參考答案:I am more likely to get tired than before