六級閱讀填空習題 Passage 4
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- 答案解析
Employers are far less likely to employ people with mental illnesses than those with physical ailments（疾病）, a report shows.
Just 20% of those with severe mental health problems have jobs, compared with 65% who have physical problems. The government is launching an initiative urging employers to improve conditions for people with a mental health problem. A spokesman for the Confederation of British Industry said the majority of businesses offered staff support.
It is estimated one in four people will suffer a mental illness at some point in their lives. And even for those with more common types of mental illness, such as depression, only about half are competitively employed. However, up to 90% of people with mental health problems want to work, compared to 52% of disabled people generally.
The voluntary standards, launched to coincide with World Mental Health Day, will also be used by public sector organizations, including local councils, government departments and hospitals. The Disability Discrimination Act , which comes into force this December, will require these bodies to end unlawful discrimination and promote equality of opportunity.
Health Minister Rosie Winterton said: “Ignorance and stigma（侮辱）still surround the issue of mental ill-health and when someone does develop a problem, they often do not get the support they need from society to help them recover.”
“We all have a role to play in helping to tackle this issue. Employers can help by raising awareness of mental health issues amongst staff, supporting those affected and combating discrimination against staff and customers.”
“This is good for staff and good for employers, who we know will benefit from reduced staff turnover and sickness absences.” Work and Pensions Minister Lord Hunt said: “Work is important and beneficial to our physical and mental well-being. Because of this, it is essential that we remove the barriers that prevent people starting, returning to, or remaining in work.”
A Confederation of British Industry(CBI) spokesman said: “Three quarters of companies already operate a stress management policy and 34% offer rehabilitation support when staff become ill. But employers, especially small firms, need more support and advice in helping employees with mental ill-health, so we welcome the Department of Health's promise to listen to business' needs and to develop commonsense guidance.”
1. British government urges companies and employers to improve conditions for _____.
2. We learn from the passage that people with mental health problems usually find it difficult to _____.
3. According to Rosie Winterton, why can't people who suffer from mental problems often get the support from society to help them recover?
4. The Disability Discrimination Act requires public sector organizations to end unlawful discrimination and _____.
5. According to the passage, what do the employers benefit from in their helping to solve the issue of mental ill-health?
文章精要：
文章描述了關于精神疾病患者就業(yè)情況的一些現(xiàn)狀，如他們就業(yè)困難或受到歧視的情況。文章同時提出一些解決方法來提高他們的就業(yè)率并讓社會接受他們。
答案解析：
1. people with a mental health problem
細節(jié)題。文章第二段提到The government...to improve conditions for people with a mental health problem，即政府呼吁公司和雇主改善精神有問題的人群的就業(yè)狀況。
考點歸納
● on (one's) own initiative意為“主動地，自己做主地”，如：He gives blood on (his) own initiative. 他主動獻血。
2. be employed / have jobs
推斷題。文章第二段開頭提到只有20%患有嚴重精神疾病的人有工作，而那些身殘的人群中65%的人有工作，由此推斷患有精神疾病的人是很難找工作的。另外，本文也是就改善精神疾病患者的就業(yè)問題而展開的。
3. Ignorance and stigma still surround the issue.
細節(jié)題。文章第五段提到Ignorance and stigma still surround the issue of mental ill-health...they often do not get the support，即對精神疾病問題的忽視和侮辱依然存在，精神疾病患者經(jīng)常得不到支持，由此可找到答案。
考點歸納
● at issue指“爭議中的，待解決的”，如：Many people fail to grasp what is really at issue here. 很多人都沒有領會到這里到底在爭論什么。
● take issue 指“對……持異議”，如：They take issues about this answer. 他們對答案提出了質(zhì)疑。
4. promote equality of opportunity
細節(jié)題。文章第四段提到...require these bodies to end unlawful discrimination and promote equality of opportunity，即要求這些機構停止非法歧視，促進所有人平等就業(yè)。
5. Reduced staff turnover and sickness absences.
細節(jié)題。從文章第七段This is good for staff and good for employers, who we know will benefit from reduced staff turnover and sickness absences可知，雇主可以從減少員工的流失率和病假中獲利。
