Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. (06.1 Passage 2)
主干:there is the apology
這句話用的是there be句型,主干部分容易理解。主語apology帶了多個修飾語,包括前置修飾語general和all covering,后置修飾語是一個which引導的非限制性定語從句。在該定語從句中,介詞of+動名詞短語identifying...作定語,修飾the necessity;identifying的賓語a specific act后面帶了兩個定語從句,一個是由that引導,另一個是由which引導,這兩個定語從句用and并列鏈接。which引導的定語從句中,主語the person也另外帶有一個who引導的定語從句。
譯文:然后還有一種泛泛的無所不包的道歉,這種道歉避免了指明特別讓人傷心、特別令人委屈,道歉者應該保證不會再犯的具體行為。