托福備考語(yǔ)法指導(dǎo)：分詞及真題要點(diǎn)解析

　?。鄞鸢福?C過(guò)去分詞used + 介語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)組成的分詞短語(yǔ)修飾前面的名詞成分the only parts of the plant，作后置定語(yǔ)。此結(jié)構(gòu)亦擴(kuò)展為定語(yǔ)從句(that are ) used for livestock feed

　　(2) The slide rule used sliding scales with marks ------- numbers and their logarithms。

　　(A) representing

　　(B) represented

　　(C) are represented

　　(D) they are representing (92.10)

　?。鄞鸢福?A 分詞短語(yǔ)作名詞marks的后置定語(yǔ)，作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句：which represent numbers and their logarithms。

　　(3) Earlg philosophers believe that the mind was divided into three faculties ------- s feeling ，intellect and will

　　(A) to know

　　(B) known

　　(C) knowing

　　(D) knew them (94.1)

　?。鄞鸢福?B分詞短語(yǔ)known as…說(shuō)明前面的名詞three faculties。此結(jié)構(gòu)可改寫成定語(yǔ)從句。Which are known as…

　　(4) The bison know for the hump over its shoulders is usually called a buffalo in North America. (91.1)

　　［答案］ A 此句主語(yǔ)是The bison ，謂語(yǔ)是系詞is ，劃線A部分應(yīng)當(dāng)為分詞短語(yǔ)，修飾名詞The bison .A應(yīng)改為known for。

　　(5) Louisa May Alcott is chiefly remembered for Little Women. One of the most popular girls books ever wrote (88.5)

　　［答案］ D 修飾名詞books應(yīng)用分詞生語(yǔ)ever written。

　　3. 分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)

　　解題要點(diǎn)在句了意義非常清楚明確時(shí)，狀語(yǔ)從句通常可以簡(jiǎn)略為分詞短語(yǔ)，但有一個(gè)先決條件。此分詞短語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與句子的主語(yǔ)為同一人或物，此類分詞短語(yǔ)通常置于句首。

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