英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力文摘 杯滿了嗎？
How does the shape of a glass affect how much you drink? A scientist set out to examine just this, and the results are rather astounding.
Whatever the age of the subjects, they consistently poured more juice into short, wide tumbler-type glasses than into tall, slender glasses. But they perceived the opposite that they were pouring more into tall, slender glasses.
Psychologist Jean Piaget claimed that children overestimate the volume of vertical dimensions, but that as their brains mature, they develop the capacity to more accurately compare vertical and horizontal dimensions.
The results of this study do support Piaget’s idea to a certain extent in that the differential between the amount of juice adults poured into the two different glasses was less than the difference in what teenagers poured.
While adults poured about twenty percent more liquid into short, wide glasses, teenagers poured a whopping seventy-five percent more into short, wide glasses. Adults do seem to be better at comparing the volumes of different shapes, but they still overemphasize the volume of vertical shapes.
Even experienced bartenders, though to a lesser degree than the rest of us, still pour a little bit more into short, wide tumbler glasses than into taller, more slender glasses.
Who cares? If what you’re pouring is medicine or if you’re watching your weight, you might care. The teenagers in this study were at a camp where they were learning about portion control and dieting in order that they might lose weight. And yep the kids with the short, wide juice glasses were consuming significantly more calories than they realized.
水杯的形狀是怎樣影響喝水量的呢?一位科學(xué)家打算調(diào)查一下，調(diào)查結(jié)果相當(dāng)令人驚訝。
不管被試者年齡如何，他們都一致地往寬的平底型杯里倒的橘汁比往高細(xì)杯里倒的多。但是他們自己所感知的卻剛好相反。他們認(rèn)為往高細(xì)杯里倒的更多。
心理學(xué)家珍.皮亞杰聲稱孩子們會(huì)高估垂直方向的容器容量，但是當(dāng)他們大腦成熟時(shí)他們就會(huì)具備準(zhǔn)確區(qū)分垂直向和水平向容量的能力。
該研究結(jié)果在某種程度上支持了皮亞杰的觀點(diǎn)——成人倒往不同杯子里相差的橘汁少于青少年倒往不同杯子里相差的橘汁。
成人往矮寬杯里多倒20%的橘汁時(shí)青少年卻要多倒高達(dá)70%的橘汁。成人看起來(lái)確實(shí)更善于區(qū)分不同形狀容器的容積，但他們?nèi)匀粫?huì)高估垂直容器的容量。
即使是經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的調(diào)酒師，雖然比我們普通人強(qiáng)，但倒往寬的平底型杯里的酒也比倒往高細(xì)杯里的多。
誰(shuí)在乎呢?如果你倒的是藥或你很在意你的體重，也許你會(huì)在乎。參加此次研究的青少年是在一個(gè)營(yíng)地上，在那里他們學(xué)會(huì)了節(jié)食減肥。而且拿著矮寬橘汁杯的孩子消耗的熱量比他們意識(shí)到的多。
