英語聽力文摘大豆和前列腺

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Prostate and Soy

吃大豆有什么好處?大豆對男性的好處主要體現在保護前列腺上。撒且爾教授指出，研究顯示，每天喝一杯豆奶，男性得前列腺癌的風險能降低30%;喝兩杯，則能把風險降低70%。跟肉類相比，豆類蛋白質豐富而不含膽固醇。對人體不利的飽和脂肪酸含量很低，對健康更為有利。很多男性非常愛惜自己的身材，豆類中豐富的蛋白質能夠對肌肉起到營養(yǎng)補充的作用，加強健身的效果。研究顯示，每天喝一杯豆奶，男性得前列腺癌的風險能降低30%;喝兩杯，則能把風險降低70%。他解釋，這主要是因為在人們食用大豆及其制品之后，腸中會分解一種物質，這種物質能夠抑制乙羥基睪丸素的形成，該睪丸素很有可能會導致前列腺癌。這種物質還可以防止脫發(fā)，對于那些有脫發(fā)趨向的男性來說，這無疑是個福音。

Learn about yet another benefit to eating soy, on this Moment of Science.

What about some of this tofu salad?Why are you pushing (1)soy food on me?Because it turns out that there is yet another benefit to consuming soy, and this benefit is for men specifically. When digested, soy creates a molecule(分子) called equol(雌馬酚), which blocks the male hormone dihydrotestosterone(二氫睪酮), otherwise known as DHT(雙氫睪丸酮).

Testosterone(睪酮) does serve important functions, but DHT is not so desirable, considering its involvement in prostate cancer(前列腺癌). The (2)pharmaceutical industry has focused a lot of energy into developing drugs to do what soy does naturally. Except the problem is that the drugs created to fight prostate cancer don’t just affect DHT, but they affect testosterone too.

These drugs (3)inhibit testosterone from (4)converting into DHT. In doing so, they not only reduce the harmful effects of male hormones, but they reduce the beneficial effects of these hormones too.

Common side effects of these drugs include reduced libido(性欲), impotence(陽痿), decrease in muscle strength, and an increased risk of osteoporosis(骨質疏松癥). What’s so promising about soy is that it doesn’t prevent the conversion of testosterone into DHT, but instead blocks DHT from functioning once it’s made.

The result is that soy prevents DHT from doing its damage without blocking the beneficial effects of male hormones. Scientists think that because of its effects on DHT, soy may prove beneficial in treating other conditions (5)associated with DHT, such as male pattern baldness(禿頂).

譯文：

大豆和前列腺

來點豆腐沙拉怎么樣呢?你為什么要讓我吃大豆食品呢?因為事實證明，食用大豆還有另外一個好處，特別對于男性來說。當被消化后，大豆會產生一種叫做雌馬酚的分子。這種分子能夠阻礙雄性激素二氫睪酮，或者稱為雙氫睪丸酮。

睪酮發(fā)揮著重要的作用，但是雙氫睪丸酮卻不令人滿意，因為它與前列腺癌有著緊密的聯系。醫(yī)藥工業(yè)投入了大量的精力來研發(fā)與有著大豆自然功能的藥物。但問題是治療前列腺癌的藥物不僅影響雙氫睪丸酮，也同樣會影響睪酮。

這些藥物能夠抑制睪酮轉變?yōu)槎洳G酮。膽這樣做的同時，它們不僅減少了雄性激素的有害影響，也降低了這些激素的有利影響。

這些藥物常見的副作用包括性欲減退，陽萎，肌肉強度下降，以及骨質疏松癥的風險增加。給人以希望的是盡管大豆不能阻止睪酮轉變?yōu)槎洳G酮，可是一旦其形成，大豆就可以阻止它發(fā)揮作用。

其結果是大豆在不阻礙雄性激素有利影響的情況下也能阻止雙氫睪丸酮的破壞?？茖W家認為，鑒于對二氫睪酮的影響，大豆可能在治療其它與二氫睪酮有關的疾病上也能發(fā)揮有益作用，例如男性禿頂。

Notes:

(1)soy [s?i] n.大豆;醬油

(2)pharmaceutical [,fɑ:m?'sju:tik?l] adj.制藥(學)的 n.藥物

Pharmaceutical Reference Prices How do They Work in Practice?

藥物參考價格實際中他們如何起作用?