設(shè)定最低工資有什么好處

今天的這段對話，在討論最低工資，
 
人們的工資有高有低，設(shè)定最低工資有什么好處
 
來聽今天的講解:
 
A: So Greg, we're talking about controversial issues and one of the issues in your book is income disparity. So, what do you think about minimum wage?
 
格雷格，我們來談?wù)剛涫軤幾h的問題，你書中提到的其中一個(gè)問題是收入差距。你怎么看最低工資？
 
B: Minimum wage. Minimum wage I think is very important to have otherwise employers are going to take advantage of people; pay them too little. The society, society itself must decide what is the proper minimum wage and that in itself is an issue. What should it be?
 
最低工資。我認(rèn)為制定最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)非常重要，否則雇主就會(huì)占雇員的便宜；支付雇員過少的薪水。社會(huì)必須決定適當(dāng)?shù)淖畹凸べY標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這是社會(huì)問題。應(yīng)該怎么做？
 
A: You know, actually I disagree. I am actually against a minimum wage. I think that you know, basically all markets find equilibrium and that the wage goes too low people just won't do the job, and so basically, if you don't have a minimum wage eventually the society will come to a wage where people fell comfortable doing that work. That basically things will work out.
 
我并不同意你的觀點(diǎn)。我反對制定最低工資。我認(rèn)為所有市場都在尋找平衡，如果工資太低，那人們就不會(huì)去做那份工作，基本上來說，如果沒有最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，那最終工資會(huì)達(dá)到人們滿意的水平?；旧蟻碚f事情會(huì)順利解決的。
 
B: In theory maybe you're right, but in reality you're really wrong. I mean take a look at some of these countries around the world where there are sweat shops, where you have children, cause there are no rules regulating labor, and you have children who have never been educated, spend their entire lives working almost like slaves in unhealthy conditions. That's what happens when there are no rules to protect workers.
 
從理論上說，你是對的，不過實(shí)際上，你的想法是錯(cuò)的?？纯词澜缟夏切┯醒构S、雇童工的國家，因?yàn)檫@些國家沒有規(guī)范勞動(dòng)力的規(guī)定，一些孩子從來沒有接受過教育，他們一直像奴隸一樣在不健康的環(huán)境下工作。因?yàn)闆]有保護(hù)工人的規(guī)定，情況就會(huì)演變成這樣。
 
A: But I think that's somewhat true but you said the key word that they're not educated. I think the problem there is that people aren't educated and that's what leads the abject poverty that they might do a job like that. So don't you think that if people were educated more, they would not be willing to work such meaningless jobs, such jobs that pay so little.
 
從某種程度上來說可能是這樣，不過你剛才的關(guān)鍵詞是沒有受過教育。我認(rèn)為問題是這些人沒有接受過教育，這是導(dǎo)致赤貧境地的原因，因?yàn)檫@樣他們才會(huì)去做那種工作。你不認(rèn)為如果人們受教育程度更高，他們是不會(huì)愿意去做那種沒有意義、工資那么少的工作的。
 
B: Many of those people, those children, who are working like slaves, don't have a chance for an education and often maybe they're being exploited, not always but sometimes, by people who've had good education.
 
這些人、這些兒童中的很多人，他們像奴隸一樣工作是因?yàn)樗麄儧]有機(jī)會(huì)接受教育，雖然不是通常情況，不過一般來說剝削他們的是受過良好教育的人。
 
A: Right.
 
對。
 
B: Take a child in some very poor country has to work just to find food.
 
一些極度貧窮國家的孩子只有工作，才有吃的東西。
 
A: So basically, you're saying they should have a living wage. That they should make enough money that they can have a decent standard of living.
 
你的意思是他們應(yīng)該有生活保障。他們要掙足夠的錢，這樣他們才能維持像樣的生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
 
B: Everybody should have a decent standard of living I believe.
 
我認(rèn)為所有人都應(yīng)該有像樣的生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
 
A: I just think that it's really hard to arbitrarily set a price. I mean that number is always going to go up and down. That even a minimum wage is somewhat skews the reality that if you just let markets take their natural course eventually people won't be willing to work.
 
我只是覺得很難去隨意設(shè)定價(jià)格水平。因?yàn)閮r(jià)格經(jīng)常上下波動(dòng)。甚至最低工資可能會(huì)扭曲現(xiàn)實(shí)，如果讓市場順其自然地發(fā)展，那最終人們就不愿意去工作了。
 
B: It doesn't work that way because when you just have a complete free market, you have corrupt people who take advantage of other people.
 
事態(tài)不會(huì)這么發(fā)展，因?yàn)楫?dāng)自由市場完備時(shí)，會(huì)有腐敗的人去利用其他人。
 
A: Well, you know, that actually I do agree with but I think ... I do believe in a free markets but one thing that is true is that free markets cannot work where's there's corruption. I do agree with that. So we agree about something.
 
我同意這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，我相信自由市場，不過我認(rèn)為如果存在腐敗，那自由市場就無法運(yùn)作。我同意這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。我們終于達(dá)成一致觀點(diǎn)了。
 
B: Yes. Good thing.
 
對。這是好事。