《血戰(zhàn)鋼鐵嶺》男星的角色詮釋之旅

Any actor or actress would admit that it’s tricky to play roles based on real people.

扮演一個以真實人物為原型的角色十分棘手，任何一位演員都會認同這一點。

On one hand, they do mountains of research to make sure they’re staying as true to life as possible. On the other hand, they try to add their own touches to the performance so that their work can be called their own.

一方面，他們要做大量的調查研究，以確保盡可能地令角色栩栩如生。另一方面，他們也嘗試在表演中加入自己的理解，從而讓這些作品打上自己的標簽。

American actor Andrew Garfield, 33, faced that *dilemma when playing Desmond Doss in recent Mel Gibson film Hacksaw Ridge. Doss was a US army medic during World War II who refused to carry a gun because of his *pacifist beliefs, but saved 75 lives without firing a single shot. His actions made him the first *conscientious objector–a person who objects to serving in the armed forces for moral or conscience reasons–to be presented with the Medal of Honor, the US’s highest military honor awarded for personal acts of *valor above and beyond the call of duty.

33歲的美國演員安德魯•加菲爾德在梅爾•吉布森執(zhí)導的新片《血戰(zhàn)鋼鋸嶺》中扮演戴斯蒙德•道斯一角時，便遭遇了這樣的兩難境地。道斯是二戰(zhàn)時的一位美國軍醫(yī)。由于和平主義信仰而拒絕配槍，并且在沒開一槍的情況下，成功拯救了75條生命。這些舉動讓他成了首位被授予榮譽勛章的拒絕服兵役者(出于道德和良心而拒絕服兵役的人)，而該勛章是美國用以嘉獎超出職責范圍的個人英勇行為的最高軍事獎章。

This isn’t the first time that Garfield has endured the responsibility of playing a well-known figure. He starred as the *titular character in two of the Spider-Man movies, which according to him brought a different kind of pressure. “Spider-Man is so active in people’s imaginations that everyone has their own version of the character in their head. But there’s only one version of Desmond,” he said.

加菲爾德并非首次挑戰(zhàn)飾演名人。他曾在兩部“蜘蛛俠”系列電影中出演了同名角色。在他看來，這給他帶來了完全不同的壓力。“蜘蛛俠在人們的想象中十分鮮活，每個人腦海中的版本都各不相同。而戴斯蒙德的版本只有一種，”他說道。

His first stage of research was to study as many images and documentaries of Doss he could get his hands on. But Garfield soon realized that he needed to learn not only the veteran’s external characteristics, but also “his essence, his insides, that deepest part of himself”, he said.

加菲爾德展開調研的第一步是去研究所有他能拿到手的關于道斯的影像和紀錄片。但他很快便意識到，他不光需要了解這位老兵外在的性格特點，還需要了解他的精髓、他的內在、他最深層次的自己，”他表示。

To help achieve his goal, Garfield traveled to Chattanooga in Tennessee to visit the last home Doss lived in before he died in 2006. The actor wanted to walk where Doss walked, handle the tools Doss handled, while all the time keeping in mind how the research would affect his performance.

為了能達成這一目標，加菲爾德來到了田納西州的查特怒加市，拜訪了道斯2006年去世前的住所。他想走道斯走過的路，用道斯用過的工具，并時刻牢記這些調查對他表演所產生的影響。

“For me, with a man like Desmond, I don’t think I could have gone too far in terms of getting to know who he was,” Garfield said. “But it can’t be an impression of him. That doesn’t interest me。”

“于我而言，為了深入了解戴斯蒙德，我做什么都不為過，”加菲爾德說道。“但這并不是一味模仿他，我對此不感興趣。”

“There are certain things that are wonderful as resources you get to mimic. But then there is the other part of the *alchemy process in making the character you.”

“的確有一些十分美妙的事物能讓你去模仿。但在這煉金術一般的過程中，你也可以將角色賦予自己的標簽。”

Garfield explains that it’s like the difference between slipping into someone’s clothes and stepping into their skin. Until he goes deep inside a role based on a real person, he doesn’t feel he’s done the work justice. And it’s not until he fully understands the character that Garfield feels confident he can do the things asked of the role in the script without hesitation or thought.

加菲爾德解釋稱，這就像是匆忙穿上別人的衣服和深入他人肌膚之間的區(qū)別。除非他深入了解了一個以真人為原型的角色，否則他覺得自己做得并不妥當。而直到他完全了解角色后，他才有自信毫不猶豫地要求出演劇本里的角色。