元嘉十六年(439),鮑照因獻(xiàn)詩(shī)而被宋文帝用為中書(shū)令、秣稜令,從而開(kāi)始了他的仕途之路。但鮑照“家世貧賤”(鮑照《拜侍郎上疏》),在宦途上飽受壓抑,所以,他痛恨門閥士族制度,對(duì)劉宋王朝的統(tǒng)治深為不滿,他在宦途上的這段時(shí)間寫(xiě)下了許多詩(shī)篇,大多包含著寒士被壓抑的義憤和對(duì)高門世族壟斷政權(quán)的控訴?!睹坊洹芳词谴祟愒?shī)作的代表作品。
這首詩(shī)采用雜言,音節(jié)頓挫激揚(yáng),富于變化,詩(shī)的構(gòu)思新穎、巧妙,運(yùn)用豐富的想象力,把大自然中司空見(jiàn)慣的樹(shù)和花人格化,借助于對(duì)話、對(duì)比等手法,使詩(shī)中的深刻含義得到形象的體現(xiàn),象征色彩濃郁。假象見(jiàn)義,借此言彼,以生動(dòng)婉曲的形式言志,增添了詩(shī)歌耐人咀嚼的韻味。
鮑照·《梅花落》
中庭雜樹(shù)多,偏為梅咨嗟。
問(wèn)君何獨(dú)然?念其霜中能作花,
露中能作實(shí),搖蕩春風(fēng)媚春日。
念爾零落逐寒風(fēng),徒有霜華無(wú)霜質(zhì)。
The Plum
Bao Zhao
Not the motley company crowding the court,
but the plum alone doth my admiration command.
"Why this singular favour?"
"Because it has blossomed and borne fruit in defiance of frost,
winning through to dance in the sun this breezy spring morn;
while ye others, frail beauties all,
have yielded to the icy blasts,
lost your bloom and come to naught."