新概念英語(yǔ)第四冊(cè)（美音版）Non-auditory effects of noise

Lesson 25
Non-auditory effects of noise
噪音的非聽(tīng)覺(jué)效應(yīng)
First listen and then answer the following question.
聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。
What conclusion does the author draw about noise and health in this piece?
May people in industry and the Services, who have practical experience of noise, regard any investigation of this question as a waste of time; they are not prepared even to admit the possibility that noise affects people. On the other hand, those who dislike noise will sometimes use most inadequate evidence to support their pleas for a quieter society. This is a pity, because noise abatement really is a good cause, and it is likely to be discredited if it gets to be associated with had science.
One allegation often made is that noise produces mental illness. A recent article in a weekly newspaper, for instance, was headed with a striking illustration of a lady in a state of considerable distress, with the caption 'She was yet another victim, reduced to a screaming wreck'. On turning eagerly to the text, one learns that the lady was a typist who found the sound of office typewriters worried her more and more until eventually she had to go into a mental hospital. Now the snag in this sort of anecdote is of course that one merely a symptom? Another patient might equally well complain that her neighbours were combining to slander her and persecute her, and yet one might be cautious about believing this statement.
What is needed in case of noise is a study of large numbers of people living under noisy conditions, to discover whether they are mentally ill more often than other people are. Some time ago the United States Navy, for instance, examined a very large number of men working on aircraft carriers: the study was known as Project Anehin. It can be unpleasant to live even several miles from an aerodrome; if you think what it must be like to share the deck of a ship with several squadrons of jet aircraft, you will realize that a modern navy is a good place to study noise. But neither psychiatric interviews nor objective tests were able to show any effects upon these American sailors. This result merely confirms earlier American and British studies: if there is any effect of noise upon mental health, it must be so small that present methods of psychiatric diagnosis cannot find it. That does not prove that it does exist: but it does mean that noise is less dangerous than, say, being brought up in an orphanage -- which really is mental health hazard.
D.E.BROADBENT Non-auditory effects of noise from Science Survey
New words and expressions 生詞和短語(yǔ)
auditory
adj. 聽(tīng)覺(jué)的
inadequate
adj. 不適當(dāng)?shù)?br /> plea
n. 要求
abatement
n. 減少
discredit
v. 懷疑
allegation
n. 斷言
caption
n. 插圖說(shuō)明
wreck
n. 殘廢人
snag
n. 疑難之處，障礙
anecdote
n. 軼聞
slander
v. 誹謗
persecute
v. 迫害
squadron
n. 中隊(duì)
psychiatric
adj. 精神病學(xué)的
diagnosis
n. 診所
orphanage
n. 孤兒院