新概念英語(yǔ)第四冊(cè)(含lrc文本)Lesson 25 Non-auditory effects of noise

[ti:δ?] [ar:] [al:] [by:https://www.lrc.com.cn] [00:01.46]Lesson 25 [00:04.22]Non-auditory effects of noise [00:11.55]What conclusion does the author draw about noise and health in this piece? [00:18.61]Many people in industry and the Services, [00:21.34]who have practical experience of noise, [00:24.10]regard any investigation of this question as a waste of time; [00:28.73]they are not prepared even to admit the possibility that noise affects people. [00:34.78]On the other hand, [00:36.08]those who dislike noise will sometimes use most inadequate evidence [00:40.74]to support their pleas for a quieter society. [00:44.75]This is a pity,because noise abatement really is a good cause, [00:50.15]and it is likely to be discredited if it gets to be associated with bad science. [00:56.98]One allegation often made is that noise produces mental illness [01:02.98]A recent article in a weekly newspaper,for instance, [01:06.41]was headed with a striking illustration of a lady in a state of considerable distress, [01:12.41]with the caption 'She was yet another victim,reduced to a screaming wreck'. [01:19.29]On turning eagerly to the text,one learns that the lady was a typist [01:24.55]who found the sound of office typewriters worried her more and more [01:28.89]until eventually she had to go into a mental hospital. [01:33.91]Now the snag in this sort of anecdote is of course [01:37.51]that one cannot distinguish cause and effect. [01:41.39]Was the noise a cause of the illness, [01:44.17]or were the complaints about noise merely a symptom? [01:48.48]Another patient might equally well complain [01:51.22]that her neighbours were combining to slander her and persecute her, [01:55.10]and yet one might be cautious about believing this statement. [02:00.05]What is needed in the case of noise [02:02.26]is a study of large numbers of people living under noisy conditions, [02:07.07]to discover whether they are mentally ill more often than other people are. [02:12.37]Some time ago the United States Navy,for instance, [02:15.65]examined a very large number of men working on aircraft carriers: [02:20.82]the study was known as Project Anehin. [02:24.53]It can be unpleasant to live even several miles from an aerodrome; [02:29.54]if you think what it must be like [02:31.35]to share the deck of a ship with several squadrons of jet aircraft, [02:35.87]you will realize that a modern navy is a good place to study noise. [02:41.36]But neither psychiatric interviews nor objective tests [02:45.69]were able to show any effects upon these American sailors. [02:50.50]This result merely confirms earlier American and British studies: [02:55.81]if there is any effect of noise upon mental health, [02:58.91]it must be so small that present methods of psychiatric diagnosis cannot find it. [03:05.63]That does not prove that it does not exist;but it does mean [03:10.25]that noise is less dangerous than,say being brought up in an orphanage [03:15.24]--which really is a mental health hazard.

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