韓國(guó)是如何在不關(guān)閉一切設(shè)施的情況下控制住疫情的

韓國(guó)是如何在不關(guān)閉一切設(shè)施的情況下控制住疫情的

As of this week, South Korea had just over 9.000 confirmed coronavirus cases, which puts it among the top 10 countries for total cases.

截至本周，韓國(guó)確診的冠狀病毒病例剛剛超過(guò)9000例，在所有病例中排名前10位。

But South Korea has another distinction: Health experts are noting that recently the nation has managed to significantly slow the number of new cases. And the country appears to have reined in the outbreak without some of the strict lockdown strategies deployed elsewhere in the world.

但韓國(guó)還有另一個(gè)不同之處:衛(wèi)生專家指出，最近韓國(guó)成功地顯著降低了新增病例的數(shù)量。在沒(méi)有采取世界其他地方部署的一些嚴(yán)格的封鎖策略的情況下，該國(guó)似乎已經(jīng)控制住了疫情。

"We've seen examples in places like Singapore and [South] Korea, where governments haven't had to shut everything down," said Mike Ryan, head of the World Health Organization's Health Emergencies Programme. "They've been able to make tactical decisions regarding schools, tactical decisions regarding movements, and been able to move forward without some of the draconian measures."

“我們?cè)谛录悠潞?韓國(guó))看到了這樣的例子，在這些地方，政府不必關(guān)閉所有設(shè)施，”世界衛(wèi)生組織(突發(fā)衛(wèi)生事件規(guī)劃負(fù)責(zé)人邁克•瑞安表示。“他們已經(jīng)能夠就學(xué)校做出戰(zhàn)術(shù)決定，就行動(dòng)做出戰(zhàn)術(shù)決定，而且能夠在不采取某些嚴(yán)厲措施的情況下向前推進(jìn)。”

Speaking this week to journalists, Ryan said that countries that have tested widely for the virus, isolated cases and quarantined suspected cases — in the way that South Korea and Singapore have done — have managed to suppress transmission of the virus. President Trump has also praised South Korea's handling of the health crisis and even asked President Moon Jae-in for help with medical equipment to fight the outbreak in the United States.

瑞安這個(gè)星期對(duì)記者說(shuō)，像韓國(guó)和新加坡所做的那樣，對(duì)病毒進(jìn)行了廣泛檢測(cè)的國(guó)家、隔離病例和隔離疑似病例成功地遏制了病毒的傳播。特朗普總統(tǒng)還贊揚(yáng)了韓國(guó)對(duì)健康危機(jī)的處理，甚至請(qǐng)求文在寅總統(tǒng)幫助提供醫(yī)療設(shè)備，以對(duì)抗美國(guó)的疫情。

The head of the WHO, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, has called on other countries around the world to "apply the lessons learned in [South] Korea and elsewhere" in their own battles against the coronavirus.

世界衛(wèi)生組織總干事泰德羅斯·阿德哈諾姆·蓋布雷耶蘇斯呼吁世界各地的其他國(guó)家“把在韓國(guó)和其他地方吸取的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)應(yīng)用到”本國(guó)抗擊冠狀病毒的戰(zhàn)斗中。

South Korea's foreign minister, Kang Kyung-wha, speaking to the BBC last week, said the key lessons from her country are that it developed testing for the virus even before it had a significant number of cases.

韓國(guó)外交部長(zhǎng)康京和上周對(duì)英國(guó)廣播公司(BBC)表示，韓國(guó)的主要教訓(xùn)是，該國(guó)甚至在出現(xiàn)大量病例之前就進(jìn)行了病毒檢測(cè)。

"In mid-January, our health authorities quickly conferred with the research institutions here [to develop a test]," Kang said. "And then they shared that result with the pharmaceutical companies, who then produced the reagent [chemical] and the equipment needed for the testing."

“1月中旬，我們的衛(wèi)生當(dāng)局迅速與這里的研究機(jī)構(gòu)協(xié)商(開(kāi)發(fā)一種測(cè)試)，”康說(shuō)。“然后他們與制藥公司分享結(jié)果，制藥公司生產(chǎn)了測(cè)試所需的試劑(化學(xué)藥品)和設(shè)備。”

So when members of a religious sect in Daegu started getting sick in February, South Korea was able to rapidly confirm that it was COVID-19.

因此，當(dāng)大邱一個(gè)宗教派別的成員在2月份開(kāi)始生病時(shí)，韓國(guó)能夠迅速確認(rèn)它是COVID-19.

"Testing is central" to the outbreak response, said Kang, " It minimizes further spread." And it allows health authorities to quickly isolate and treat those found with the virus.

“檢測(cè)是應(yīng)對(duì)疫情的核心”，康說(shuō)，“這將使進(jìn)一步的傳播最小化。”它使衛(wèi)生當(dāng)局能夠迅速隔離和治療那些被發(fā)現(xiàn)感染病毒的人。

Hong Kong and Singapore have followed similar paths in responding to this outbreak.

香港和新加坡在應(yīng)對(duì)此次疫情方面采取了類似的做法。

They've used testing aggressively to identify cases — not only testing people who are so sick that they're hospitalized but also mild cases and even suspected cases. They've quarantined tens of thousands of people who may have been exposed to confirmed cases.

他們積極地使用檢測(cè)來(lái)識(shí)別病例，不僅檢測(cè)那些病情嚴(yán)重到住院治療的人，還檢測(cè)輕微的病例，甚至是疑似病例。他們隔離了成千上萬(wàn)可能接觸過(guò)確診病例的人。

The vast majority of the people ordered to quarantine at home are perfectly healthy and never do get sick, but the few who do develop symptoms can be quickly isolated further. Tedros of the WHO refers to this as cutting off the virus at the bud — basically stopping the virus from spreading further and preventing community transmission.

絕大多數(shù)被要求在家中隔離的人都是完全健康的，從不生病，但少數(shù)出現(xiàn)癥狀的人可以很快被進(jìn)一步隔離。世界衛(wèi)生組織的泰德羅斯稱這是在病毒萌芽時(shí)就將其切斷，基本上是阻止病毒進(jìn)一步傳播和防止社區(qū)傳播。

Hong Kong also reacted with incredible speed in the outbreak's early days. On Dec. 31. 2019. Hong Kong's Centre for Health Protection, the city's health department, sent out an alert to its doctors telling them to be on the lookout for patients presenting with fever, acute respiratory illness, pneumonia and/or shortness of breath.

香港在疫情爆發(fā)初期也做出了難以置信的反應(yīng)。2019年12月31日，香港市衛(wèi)生保健中心，衛(wèi)生部向醫(yī)生發(fā)出警告，提醒他們注意發(fā)熱、急性呼吸道疾病、肺炎和/或呼吸急促的患者。

The other thing that South Korea, Hong Kong and Singapore have in common is that they've been able to keep most factories, shopping malls and restaurants open. Singapore has even kept its schools open at a time when nations around the world are shutting down classrooms.

韓國(guó)、香港和新加坡的另一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)是，它們能夠讓大多數(shù)工廠、購(gòu)物中心和餐館繼續(xù)營(yíng)業(yè)。在世界各國(guó)紛紛關(guān)閉教室之際，新加坡甚至保持了學(xué)校的開(kāi)放。