英國通過零溫室氣體法

英國通過零溫室氣體法

Britain's new target to reach net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 has become law, making it the first among the major G7 countries to set such a goal.

英國到2050年實現(xiàn)溫室氣體凈零排放的新目標已成為法律，成為七國集團(G7)中第一個設定這一目標的國家。

Outgoing Prime Minister Theresa May had announced the target earlier this month, saying the plans were ambitious but crucial for protecting the planet for future generations.

即將離任的英國首相特蕾莎·梅(Theresa May)本月早些時候宣布了這一目標，稱該計劃雄心勃勃，但對子孫后代保護地球至關重要。

The move will require huge changes such as more renewable electricity generation, phasing out new petrol and diesel cars by at least 2035 and a 20 percent cut in beef and lamb consumption.

這一舉措需要做出巨大的改變，比如增加可再生能源發(fā)電，至少在2035年前逐步淘汰新的汽油和柴油汽車，并削減20%的牛肉和羊肉消費。

"The UK kick-started the Industrial Revolution, which was responsible for economic growth across the globe but also for increasing emissions," said Chris Skidmore, Energy and Clean Growth Minister.

英國能源與清潔發(fā)展大臣克里斯•斯基德莫爾(Chris Skidmore)表示:“英國開啟了工業(yè)革命，這場革命不僅推動了全球經(jīng)濟增長，還導致了排放的增加。

"Today we're leading the world yet again in becoming the first major economy to pass new laws to reduce emissions to net zero by 2050," he said.

他說:“今天，我們再次引領世界，成為第一個通過新法律，到2050年將排放量減少到零的主要經(jīng)濟體。

The net target replaces a previous goal to cut the country's emissions by 80 percent compared with 1990 levels by 2050, a target campaigners said did not go far enough to meet pledges made under the 2015 Paris climate agreement to try to limit a rise in global warming to 1.5C.

一位目標人士稱，凈目標取代了先前的目標，即到2050年將該國的排放量減少80%，與1990年的水平相比，這個目標還沒有達到2015年《巴黎氣候協(xié)議》所承諾的將全球變暖限制在1.5攝氏度的水平。

Temperatures have already risen about 1C since pre-industrial times.

自前工業(yè)時代以來，氣溫已經(jīng)上升了大約1攝氏度。

Scientists say further increases risk triggering tipping points that could make parts of the world uninhabitable, devastate farming and drown coastal cities.

科學家說，進一步變暖增加了觸發(fā)臨界點的風險，可能會使世界部分地區(qū)無法居住，破壞農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，淹沒沿海城市。

Climate group Extinction Rebellion, which carried out weeks of civil disobedience earlier this year, believes the new target still does not go far enough and wants a net zero target to be met by 2025.

今年早些時候，氣候組織“滅絕叛亂”(Extinction Rebellion)進行了數(shù)周的非暴力反抗。該組織認為，新的目標還遠遠不夠，希望到2025年實現(xiàn)零排放的目標。

Britain's greenhouse gas emissions have fallen 43.5 percent since 1990 largely due to a rapid increase in renewable power such as wind and solar, and a move away from polluting coal plants.

自1990年以來，英國的溫室氣體排放量已經(jīng)下降了43.5%，主要原因是風力和太陽能等可再生能源的快速增長，以及對污染環(huán)境的燃煤電廠的淘汰。

The country's windy coastlines in particular have proved to be an ideal host for large wind projects, with the northwest coast of England home to the world's largest offshore wind farm, Orsted's Walney Extension.

英國多風的海岸線非常適合大型風力項目，事實上，英國西北海岸擁有世界上最大的海上風力發(fā)電場——奧斯特風力發(fā)電場(Orsted's Walney Extension)。