美朝峰會(huì)無(wú)果而終，朝鮮半島無(wú)核化進(jìn)程受挫

HANOI, Vietnam — President Trump and Kim Jong-un, North Korea’s leader, abruptly ended their second summit meeting on Thursday after talks collapsed with the two leaders failing to agree on any steps toward nuclear disarmament or measures to ease tensions on the Korean Peninsula.
越南河內(nèi)——美國(guó)總統(tǒng)特朗普和朝鮮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人金正恩周四突然結(jié)束了他們的第二次峰會(huì)，會(huì)談破裂的原因是兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人未能就核裁軍步驟或緩解朝鮮半島緊張局勢(shì)的措施達(dá)成任何協(xié)議。
“Sometimes you have to walk,” Mr. Trump said at an afternoon news conference in Hanoi, Vietnam. He said Mr. Kim had insisted that all of the harsh United Nations sanctions imposed on the North be lifted in exchange for dismantling its most important nuclear facility but not other elements of its weapons program.
“有時(shí)候你不得不起身走人，”特朗普下午在越南河內(nèi)的記者會(huì)上說(shuō)。他表示，金正恩堅(jiān)持要求，全面解除聯(lián)合國(guó)對(duì)朝鮮實(shí)施的嚴(yán)厲制裁，換取朝鮮拆除其最重要的核設(shè)施，但不包括武器項(xiàng)目的其他部分。
“It was about the sanctions,” Mr. Trump said. “Basically they wanted the sanctions lifted in their entirety, but we couldn’t do that.”
“與制裁有關(guān)，”特朗普說(shuō)。“大體上是，他們希望全面解除制裁，但我們不能那樣做。”
The premature end to the negotiations leaves the unusual rapprochement between the United States and North Korea that has unfolded for most of a year at a deadlock, with the North retaining both its nuclear arsenal and facilities believed to be producing additional fissile material for warheads.
談判的過(guò)早結(jié)束讓美朝之間近一年來(lái)不同尋常的和解進(jìn)程陷入僵局，朝鮮仍保留著自己的核武庫(kù)，以及據(jù)信能生產(chǎn)更多用于核彈頭的裂變材料的設(shè)施。
It also represents a major setback at a difficult political moment for Mr. Trump, who has long presented himself as a tough negotiator capable of bringing adversaries into a deal and had made North Korea the signature diplomatic initiative of his presidency.
對(duì)正處在艱難的政治時(shí)刻的特朗普來(lái)說(shuō)，這也代表著一個(gè)重大挫折。特朗普長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直把自己展現(xiàn)為一位能與對(duì)手做交易的強(qiáng)硬談判者，還把朝鮮作為他總統(tǒng)任期內(nèi)的標(biāo)志性外交議程。
Even as Mr. Trump prepared to sit down with Mr. Kim, his longtime lawyer and fixer, Michael D. Cohen, was delivering dramatic and damaging testimony in Congress, accusing him of an expansive pattern of lies and criminality.
就在特朗普準(zhǔn)備與金正恩坐下來(lái)談判的時(shí)候，給他當(dāng)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間律師和“平事人”的邁克爾·D·科恩(Michael D. Cohen)正在向美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)提供引人注目的、具有破壞性的證詞，指責(zé)特朗普撒謊成性、有犯罪行為。
Mr. Trump had flown across the world to try to work face-to-face with Mr. Kim for the second time, an effort to reduce what American officials regard as one of the world’s foremost nuclear threats. Experts estimate that the North has 30 to 60 nuclear warheads and possibly a ballistic missile that can hit the continental United States.
為了第二次與金正恩進(jìn)行面對(duì)面的交流，減少被美國(guó)官員認(rèn)為是世界上最嚴(yán)重的核威脅之一，特朗普飛越了半個(gè)地球。據(jù)專家估計(jì)，朝鮮擁有30到60枚核彈頭，可能還有一枚能打擊美國(guó)本土的彈道導(dǎo)彈。
Mr. Trump said Mr. Kim did promise Thursday to continue a halt on nuclear and ballistic missile tests, despite the failure to reach a deal. But there is no formal agreement on that, and Mr. Kim could resume testing to force the Americans to return to the negotiating table or to offer better terms.
特朗普說(shuō)，盡管兩國(guó)未能達(dá)成共識(shí)，金正恩周四的確承諾，將繼續(xù)停止核試驗(yàn)和彈道導(dǎo)彈試驗(yàn)。但在這一點(diǎn)上并沒(méi)有正式的協(xié)議，所以，為迫使美國(guó)重返談判桌，或提出對(duì)朝鮮更有利的條件，金正恩可能恢復(fù)核試驗(yàn)。
Mr. Trump said that Mr. Kim had agreed to take an important step toward dismantling a central part of his nuclear program — the Yongbyon enrichment facility — but that Mr. Kim said he would do so only if all sanctions were lifted.
特朗普說(shuō)，金正恩同意采取一個(gè)重要步驟，拆除其核項(xiàng)目核心部分的寧邊鈾濃縮設(shè)施，但金正恩說(shuō)，只有在解除了所有制裁的情況下，他才會(huì)這樣做。
The president and Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said the North would have to dismantle other parts of the program before all sanctions were lifted. They added that the two sides would continue negotiations in other settings, and stressed that there were nuclear sites that American officials are aware of but that are unknown to the public.
美國(guó)總統(tǒng)和國(guó)務(wù)卿邁克·龐皮歐(Mike Pompeo)表示，在解除所有制裁之前，朝鮮必須拆除其核項(xiàng)目的其他部分。他們還說(shuō)，雙方將在其他場(chǎng)合繼續(xù)談判，并強(qiáng)調(diào)，有些核設(shè)施只是美國(guó)官員知道，公眾并不知道。
In response to a question, Mr. Trump also acknowledged that his administration was aware of a second enrichment site other than Yongbyon.
特朗普還在回答一個(gè)提問(wèn)時(shí)承認(rèn)，他的政府知道，除了寧邊，還有第二個(gè)鈾濃縮地點(diǎn)。
If, as Mr. Trump said, Mr. Kim insisted that the United States lift all economic sanctions in exchange for just the dismantlement of Yongbyon, that was a severe misreading of the American strategy. American officials have said that the sanctions are their main leverage with North Korea, and that keeping them tight is critical to the goal of full denuclearization.
如果像特朗普所說(shuō)，金正恩堅(jiān)持要求美國(guó)解除所有經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁，而換來(lái)的只是朝鮮拆除寧邊一個(gè)設(shè)施的話，那是他對(duì)美國(guó)戰(zhàn)略的嚴(yán)重誤讀。美國(guó)官員曾表示，制裁是美國(guó)能影響朝鮮的主要做法，維持制裁力度對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)全面無(wú)核化的目標(biāo)至關(guān)重要。
There was talk before Thursday that the Americans might allow more economic exchange between South Korea and the North as part of a deal, but that probably would have been as far as alleviation of sanctions would have gone at this point.
周四之前，外界曾認(rèn)為，作為協(xié)議的一部分，美國(guó)可能會(huì)允許韓國(guó)和朝鮮之間進(jìn)行更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)交流，那本來(lái)可能是目前這個(gè)階段能減輕制裁的最大限度。
Before ending the news conference to fly back to Washington, Mr. Trump tried to put a good face on the surprising turn of events.
在結(jié)束記者會(huì)飛回華盛頓之前，特朗普試圖把這個(gè)令人意外的事態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)折描述得并沒(méi)有那么糟糕。
“This wasn’t a walkaway like you get up and walk out,” he said. “No, this was very friendly. We shook hands.”
“這不是離開(kāi)談判桌，像是你起身就走那樣，”他說(shuō)。“不，事情結(jié)束得非常友好。我們握了手。”
“There’s a warmth that we have and I hope that stays,” he added.
“我們有一種友情，我希望這能持續(xù)下去，”他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)。
The first sign of the collapse of the talks came after morning meetings, when White House officials said a lunchtime meeting and signing ceremony had been canceled. The White House then issued a statement saying that Mr. Trump and Mr. Kim had “discussed various ways to advance denuclearization and economic driven concepts,” and that they had had “very good and constructive meetings,” but had failed to reach an agreement.

談判破裂的第一個(gè)跡象是上午會(huì)面之后出現(xiàn)的，白宮官員表示，午餐會(huì)和簽字儀式取消。隨后，白宮發(fā)表聲明說(shuō)，特朗普和金正恩已“討論了推動(dòng)無(wú)核化進(jìn)程和經(jīng)濟(jì)導(dǎo)向概念的各種途徑”，并說(shuō)他們舉行了“非常好的、建設(shè)性的會(huì)面”，但未能達(dá)成協(xié)議。
“I worry about the consequences,” said Jean H. Lee, a Korea expert at the Wilson Center, a research organization in Washington. “Did these two leaders and their teams build up enough good will to keep the lines of communication open, or are we headed into another period of stalled negotiations — or worse, tensions — that would give the North Koreans more time and incentive to keep building their weapons program?”
“我對(duì)談判破裂的后果有些擔(dān)心，”華盛頓研究機(jī)構(gòu)威爾遜中心(Wilson Center)的朝鮮問(wèn)題專家吉恩·H·李(Jean H. Lee)說(shuō)。“這兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人及其幕僚為保持溝通渠道的暢通建立了足夠好的關(guān)系嗎？還是我們將要進(jìn)入另一個(gè)談判停滯期——或者更糟的是緊張局勢(shì)——給朝鮮人更多的時(shí)間和動(dòng)力來(lái)繼續(xù)發(fā)展他們的武器計(jì)劃呢？”
“This result leaves very little room for Kim to save face,” she added.
“這種結(jié)果幾乎沒(méi)有給金正恩保全面子留下多少余地，”她還說(shuō)。
Officials from both sides had hoped the Hanoi summit meeting would produce more concrete results than the vague communiqué issued by the two leaders after their first meeting last June, in Singapore.
雙方的官員都曾希望，這次河內(nèi)峰會(huì)將會(huì)產(chǎn)生比兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人去年6月在新加坡首次見(jiàn)面后發(fā)表的模糊公報(bào)更具體的結(jié)果。

Back then, they said they would work on four points: improving relations, establishing a “lasting and stable peace regime” on the Korean Peninsula, affirming that Pyongyang would work toward “complete denuclearization” of the peninsula, and the mutual return of remains from soldiers killed in the Korean War.
當(dāng)時(shí)，兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人曾表示，他們將在四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行努力：改善雙邊關(guān)系，在朝鮮半島建立“持久穩(wěn)定的和平機(jī)制”，確認(rèn)平壤將致力于朝鮮半島的“全面無(wú)核化”，以及將雙方在朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中死亡士兵的遺骸送還對(duì)方。
The collapse of the talks was a stark departure from the earlier mood of the two-day gathering. On Thursday morning, Mr. Trump and Mr. Kim kicked off the day by meeting one-on-one at the historic Metropole hotel, where they had had an intimate dinner the previous night.
會(huì)談的破裂與這次為期兩天的峰會(huì)早些時(shí)候展示的氣氛截然不同。周四上午，特朗普和金正恩在具有歷史意義的大都會(huì)酒店以單獨(dú)會(huì)面的形式開(kāi)始了這一天。前一天晚上，他兩人曾在酒店親密地共進(jìn)晚餐。
From the start, Mr. Trump emphasized that getting North Korea to dismantle its nuclear weapons program could be a lengthy effort, and that it would be coupled with attempts to integrate the isolated nation into the global economy.
從一開(kāi)始，特朗普就強(qiáng)調(diào)，讓朝鮮放棄其核武器計(jì)劃可能是一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)的努力，并表示，伴隨這種努力的將會(huì)是把這個(gè)孤立的國(guó)家融入全球經(jīng)濟(jì)體系的嘗試。
The Trump administration has kept up tough sanctions on North Korea. In 2017, the administration persuaded the United Nations Security Council — including China and Russia, allies of North Korea — to impose three rounds of sanctions on the North that, in total, were much harsher than sanctions pushed by prior administrations.
特朗普政府繼續(xù)對(duì)朝鮮實(shí)施嚴(yán)厲的制裁。2017年，美國(guó)政府說(shuō)服聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)——包括朝鮮的盟友中國(guó)和俄羅斯——對(duì)朝鮮采取了第三輪制裁，這輪制裁在總體上比前幾屆政府推行的制裁嚴(yán)厲得多。
And before the collapse of Thursday’s talks, Mr. Trump was cautioning patience.
在周四的談判破裂之前，特朗普曾警告人們要保持耐心。
“I’ve been saying very much from the beginning that speed is not that important to me,” he said at the beginning of Thursday’s meetings. “I very much appreciate no testing of nuclear rockets, missiles.”
“從一開(kāi)始我就一直在說(shuō)，速度對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)并不那么重要，”他在周四會(huì)談開(kāi)始時(shí)說(shuō)。“我非常贊賞朝鮮沒(méi)有再進(jìn)行核試驗(yàn)、導(dǎo)彈試驗(yàn)。”
The message from the morning seemed clear — that integrating North Korea into the global economy would help moderate the country’s behavior and bring it closer to the American orbit. Mr. Trump appeared ready to gamble that as long as Mr. Kim and other North Korean officials rid themselves of any intent to harm the United States, they could keep their nuclear capability for a while.

上午傳來(lái)的信息似乎很清楚——把朝鮮融入全球經(jīng)濟(jì)體系將有助于緩和朝鮮的行為，使其更接近美國(guó)的軌道。特朗普似乎準(zhǔn)備打個(gè)賭：只要金正恩及其他朝鮮官員放棄任何傷害美國(guó)的意圖，他們將能在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)保持自己的核能力。
Mr. Kim, when asked by an American reporter whether he was ready to denuclearize, said, “If I’m not willing to do that, I wouldn’t be here right now” — to which Mr. Trump replied, “That might be the best answer you’ve ever heard.”
一名美國(guó)記者問(wèn)金正恩是否做好了解除核武器的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)，金正恩回答說(shuō)，“如果我不愿意這樣做，我現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在這里”——特朗普對(duì)此表示，“這也許是你聽(tīng)到過(guò)的最好的回答。”
Mr. Kim also suggested that he would accept an American liaison office in his country.
金正恩還暗示，他會(huì)接受美國(guó)在朝鮮設(shè)立聯(lián)絡(luò)處。