空氣污染可能增加骨折風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
研究人員報(bào)告稱，空氣污染會增加骨質(zhì)疏松和骨折的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
Investigators analyzed data from two studies. The first tracked hospital admissions among 9.2 million Medicare recipients in the Northeast over eight years. The second looked at levels of parathyroid hormone, which aids bone health, in 692 middle-aged low-income men in Boston.
研究人員分析了兩項(xiàng)研究的數(shù)據(jù)。第一項(xiàng)研究追蹤了美國東北部的920萬聯(lián)邦醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)受益者在過去八年里的住院情況。第二項(xiàng)研究調(diào)查了波士頓的692名中年低收入男性的甲狀旁腺激素水平，該激素有助于骨骼健康。
The study, in Lancet Planetary Health, found that the risk for bone fractures among people over 65 increased steadily as levels of air pollution — specifically, particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers, or PM 2.5 — went up. Rates were almost 5 percent higher in areas with the highest concentrations of PM 2.5 than in those with the lowest.
發(fā)表在《柳葉刀·星球健康》雜志(Lancet Planetary Health)上的該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，65歲以上人群骨折的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隨著空氣污染水平的上升而穩(wěn)步增加——尤其是小于2.5微米的顆粒物的增加，也就是PM2.5濃度的上升。在PM2.5濃度最高的地區(qū)，骨折的發(fā)病率比濃度最低的地區(qū)高出近5%。
The study in middle-aged men found that people living in locations with higher levels of air pollution had lower concentrations of parathyroid hormone and lower levels of bone mineral density.
針對中年男性的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，生活在空氣污染水平較高地區(qū)的人，甲狀旁腺激素的濃度較低，骨密度也是。
The studies controlled for race and ethnicity, income, smoking, physical activity and other variables.
這兩項(xiàng)研究考慮了種族、民族、收入、吸煙和體育活動(dòng)等變量因素。
“Air pollution is like diluted smoking,” said the senior author, Andrea A. Baccarelli, a professor of environmental medicine at the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health. “Smoking causes cancer, cardiovascular disease and bone mineral density loss. So does air pollution. Even at pollution levels the Environmental Protection Agency considers acceptable, there is still an increased risk.”
“空氣污染就像稀釋的煙，”哥倫比亞大學(xué)梅爾曼公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院(Mailman School of Public Health)的環(huán)境醫(yī)學(xué)教授、高級作者安德烈亞·A·巴卡雷利(Andrea A. Baccarelli)表示。“吸煙會導(dǎo)致癌癥、心血管疾病和骨密度降低?？諝馕廴疽彩侨绱?。即使污染水平在美國環(huán)境保護(hù)局(Environmental Protection Agency)認(rèn)為可以接受的范圍內(nèi)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)依然在增加。”
