清華紫光獲得220億美元政府注資

Tsinghua Unigroup, the Chinese state-backed semiconductor group, has secured $22bn in new finances from government investors to fund acquisitions and help upgrade the country’s semiconductor industry.

擁有政府背景的中國半導體集團清華紫光(Tsinghua Unigroup)新獲政府投資者220億美元資金，用于資助收購以及幫助升級中國的半導體產業(yè)。

Unigroup, which considered a $23bn bid for US chipmaker Micron in 2015, will receive Rmb100bn ($14.5bn) from China Development Bank and Rmb50bn from the National Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund, an investment group in part backed by the Ministry of Industry and Investment Technology.

清華紫光——曾在2015年考慮230億美元收購美國芯片制造商美光(Micron)——將獲得中國國家開發(fā)銀行(China Development Bank)1000億元人民幣，以及國家集成電路產業(yè)投資基金(National Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund)的500億元人民幣，該投資集團在一部分上受到中國工信部支持。

The capital injection comes as China’s top leadership attempts to encourage its technology companies to stop using western-developed chips, of which China imports more in dollar terms than oil.

清華紫光獲得這筆注資之際，中國最高領導層試圖鼓勵國內科技公司停止使用西方開發(fā)的芯片，以美元計中國進口最多的是芯片，而不是石油。

State-backed groups from China have sought to acquire overseas semiconductor rivals in the hope of bringing the technology back to domestic developers. But the effort has attracted harsh scrutiny from regulators in the US, who have blocked numerous transactions on the grounds that China’s expansion in the industry poses national security concerns.

一些擁有政府背景的中國企業(yè)一直力圖收購海外半導體競爭對手，希望將該技術帶回給國內開發(fā)者。但這一努力吸引了美國監(jiān)管機構的嚴格審查，美方已阻止多起交易，理由是中國在該行業(yè)的擴張引發(fā)國家安全問題。

The company did not provide details on how the cash is to be spent, other than that it will be used to upgrade China’s semiconductor business, bolster its competitiveness and “rapidly expand the scale of the industry”.

清華紫光沒有公布這筆資金的具體用途，只表示將用于升級中國半導體產業(yè)，提升其競爭力，以及“迅速擴大產業(yè)規(guī)模”。

Unigroup, which was founded in 1993 by the Tsinghua University in Beijing, gained global recognition in 2015 when it said it was considering an offer for Micron for up to $23bn — what would have been the biggest cross-border acquisition for a Chinese group at the time.

清華紫光由清華大學(Tsinghua University)于1993年在北京成立，2015年聞名全球，當時該公司表示考慮向美光提出高達230億美元的報價，這將是中國企業(yè)當時作出的最大一筆跨境收購。

The deal never happened, and the group was then involved in other high-profile efforts such as a $3.8bn bid for the US’s Western Digital, which fell apart in early 2016.

但這筆交易并未成行，清華紫光隨后還參與了其他高調收購，例如38億美元競購美國西部數(shù)據(jù)(Western Digital)，2016年初該交易失敗。

It has succeeded on a number of transactions, however. Since 2013, Unigroup has bought up domestic chipmakers, including Spreadtrum and RDA Microelectronics, and a 51 per cent stake in H3C from Hewlett-Packard for $2.3bn.

不過清華紫光已成功完成了數(shù)筆交易。自2013年起，清華紫光已收購了若干家國內芯片制造商，包括展訊(Spreadtrum)、銳迪科微電子(RDA Microelectronics)，以及斥資23億美元從惠普(Hewlett-Packard)手中獲得H3C的51%股權。

The US government has blocked a number of attempts by Chinese groups to acquire technology businesses, citing national security concerns, sometimes far beyond its own borders.

美國政府以國家安全問題為由，已阻止了中國集團收購科技企業(yè)的許多嘗試，有時甚至超越了其自身邊界。

In early December, then-US President Barack Obama shot down a Chinese technology fund’s €670m purchase of German chip equipment maker Aixtron. Early last year, the US Committee on Foreign Investment blocked a $3bn offer from a Chinese consortium for a US-based lighting unit of the Dutch group Philips.

去年12月初，時任美國總統(tǒng)巴拉克•奧巴馬(Barack Obama)阻止了一家中國科技基金以6.7億歐元收購德國芯片設備制造商愛思強(Aixtron)。去年初，美國外國投資委員會(CFIUS)阻止一個中國財團向荷蘭飛利浦(Philips)旗下美國照明部門發(fā)起的30億美元收購。

Capital set aside by state groups — so-called “corporate shadow capital” — helped lead to soaring valuations among Chinese companies in 2016. In an attempt to boost some of its ailing industrial sector, the Chinese government launched a $30bn venture capital fund last year aimed at upgrading technology in the sector.

2016年國有企業(yè)撥出的資本——所謂的“企業(yè)影子資本”——導致中國企業(yè)估值飆升。為了提振國內工業(yè)部門一些境況不佳的企業(yè)，中國政府去年推出了一個300億美元的風險投資基金，以提升該行業(yè)的技術。