你不需要給你的雜貨消毒。但以下是如何安全購物的方法

你不需要給你的雜貨消毒。但以下是如何安全購物的方法

The vast majority of the country is under lockdown right now. But stay-at-home orders come with a few exceptions — like grocery shopping.

這個國家的絕大多數(shù)地區(qū)目前處于封鎖狀態(tài)。但也有一些例外，比如去雜貨店購物。

Many of us are still venturing out to stock up on food and toiletries. But what's the safest way to shop during this pandemic? And what should you do once you've brought your haul home?

我們中的許多人仍在冒險去囤積食物和洗漱用品。但是，在這場大流行期間，最安全的購物方式是什么?一旦你(把這些東西)帶回家該怎么辦?

We asked infectious disease, virology and food safety experts to share their tips about safe grocery shopping — and what you can stop worrying about.

我們邀請了傳染病、病毒學和食品安全專家來分享他們關(guān)于安全購物的建議，以及你可以不用擔心的事情。

Know the dangers — focus on the people, not the food

了解危險—關(guān)注人，而不是食物

Many people worry about the possibility of picking upthe coronavirusfrom things like grocery store conveyor belts or cereal boxes. But every expert NPR spoke with agrees that the biggest risk when it comes to groceries is being inside the store itself with other people who may be infected.

許多人擔心可能會從雜貨店的傳送帶或谷物盒中接觸冠狀病毒。但是每一位接受NPR采訪的專家都同意，當食品雜貨方面，最大的風險是和其他可能被感染的人一起呆在商店里。

"While it is possible to contract the virus [from contaminated surfaces], the majority of transmission is probably going to be from respiratory droplets, which you're exposed to when you're around other people," says Angela Rasmussen, a virologist at the Center for Infection and Immunity at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health.

哥倫比亞大學梅爾曼公共衛(wèi)生學院感染與免疫中心的病毒學家安吉拉·拉斯穆森說：“雖然(從受污染的表面)感染病毒是可能的，但大部分傳播可能來自呼吸飛沫，當你和其他人在一起時，你會接觸到這些飛沫。”。

Avoid crowds and shop quickly

避開人群和快速購物

Donald Schaffner, a food microbiologist and distinguished professor at Rutgers University, advises that you look for a grocery store that limits the number of shoppers who are allowed to go in at one time.

食品微生物學家、羅格斯大學杰出教授唐納德·沙夫納建議，你應該尋找一家能夠限制購物者同時進入的雜貨店。

While that might lead to a long line outside, it's also likely to make it easier to practice social distancing inside the store — staying at least 6 feet away from other people. And once you are in there, he says, focus on getting in and out as fast as possible to minimize your risk.

雖然這可能會導致店外排起長隊，但也可能會讓店內(nèi)更容易保持社交距離，與其他人保持至少6英尺的距離。他說，一旦你到了那里，集中精力盡快進出，把風險降到最低。

Wear a face covering

戴上面罩

Given the growing evidence that people can shed the virus before they are showing symptoms, they might not know they're infected either. That's why the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention now recommends that people wear cloth face coverings out in public, and some stores now require shoppers to wear them — not so much to protect you as to protect other people from you in case you are infected.

考慮到越來越多的證據(jù)表明,人們在出現(xiàn)癥狀之前可以釋放病毒,他們可能不知道他們也感染了。這就是為什么疾病控制和預防中心現(xiàn)在建議人們在公共場合戴面罩,一些商店現(xiàn)在要求購物者戴它，與其說是為了保護你，不如說是為了保護其他人免受你的感染。

Go alone

單獨去(商店)

Dr. David Aronoff, director of the Division of Infectious Diseases at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, says to go to the store alone if you can, because bringing the whole family shopping is just going to add to crowding in the aisles — and could potentially raise your household's risk of infection too.

范德比爾特大學醫(yī)學中心傳染病科主任大衛(wèi)·阿羅諾夫博士說，如果可以的話，可以一個人去商店，因為帶全家人購物只會增加過道擁擠的情況，而且可能還會增加你家人感染的風險。

Sanitize carts and hands

清潔購物車和手

Once you are in the store, make sure to sanitize the handles of your cart or basket. Many stores do this for customers now, but it doesn't hurt to bring your own hand sanitizer or disinfecting wipes if you have them. Be sure to avoid touching your face while you are there, until you can sanitize your hands again.

一旦你在商店，一定要清潔你的購物車或購物籃的把手?，F(xiàn)在很多商店都為顧客提供這種服務(wù)，但如果你有洗手液或消毒濕巾的話，自己帶也無妨。當你在那里的時候，一定要避免觸摸你的臉，直到你可以再次清潔你的手。

Skip the gloves
不要戴手套

"Gloves are not magic," Schaffner says. "Gloves don't make you invulnerable. As soon as you touch something with your gloved hand, that contamination is on the gloves."

“手套不是魔法，”沙夫納說手套不會讓你不受傷害。一旦你用戴著手套的手碰了什么東西，手套上就沾滿了污染物。”

Rasmussen agrees. "I've seen a lot of people wearing gloves out in public, and they just kind of wear them all day and do a lot of normal activities, like talk on their phone, potentially eat." she says. "And that's not great practice."

拉斯穆森同意。”她說：“我見過很多人在公共場合戴手套，他們整天都戴著手套，做很多正常的活動，比如打電話，可能吃東西。”這可不是很好的行為。”

Give the cashier some space

離收銀員一些距離

While grocery shopping may stress you out, it's the workers at the grocery store who are more at risk, because they interact with many customers daily. Protect them by making sure you stand 6 feet away, or as far as you can, while checking out.

雖然在雜貨店購物可能會讓你感到緊張，但雜貨店的工作人員面臨的風險更大，因為他們每天都與許多顧客打交道。在結(jié)賬的時候，確保你站在6英尺以外，或者盡可能遠的地方，以此來保護他們。

Choose no-touch payment when you can

選擇無接觸支付

If you've got a no-touch option like Apple Pay or Google Pay, use it. Graham notes, she's personally avoiding cash at the moment, because earlier research has found that cash currency can harbor lots of microorganisms.

如果你有一個像蘋果支付或谷歌支付的無接觸選項，那就用吧。格雷厄姆指出，她個人目前正在避免使用現(xiàn)金，因為早先的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)金貨幣可以藏匿許多微生物。

Don't drive yourself crazy disinfecting your groceries

別瘋狂地給食品消毒

Many shoppers are now following elaborate routines to disinfect their groceries, thanks to a viral video put out by a Michigan family doctor. But all of the experts we spoke with say that disinfecting every last item in your grocery haul is really not necessary.

由于密歇根一位家庭醫(yī)生發(fā)布的一段病毒視頻，許多購物者現(xiàn)在都在遵循復雜的程序?qū)λ麄兊氖称愤M行消毒。但我們采訪過的所有專家都說，真的沒有必要對你的食品雜貨里的每一件東西都進行消毒。