什么是“炸彈生成”?

什么是“炸彈生成”?

The word "bombogenesis" is more than a potentially great name for your next band; it's also a cool weather term you may have heard being thrown around by meteorologists. But what exactly is it?

“炸彈生成”這個(gè)詞不僅僅是你下一個(gè)樂(lè)隊(duì)的一個(gè)潛在的好名字;這也是一個(gè)很酷的天氣術(shù)語(yǔ)，你可能聽(tīng)過(guò)氣象學(xué)家說(shuō)過(guò)。但它到底是什么?

Those in the path of a powerful 'bombogenesis' storm system should prepare for high winds and whiteout snow conditions. (Photo: Jan Day/Shutterstock)

A bombogenesis or bomb cyclone, is used to describe an extreme drop in pressure of 24 millibars in 24 hours. These rapidly strengthening storms occur when a large temperature gradient is formed between a cold continental mass of air and warm sea-surface temperatures. These air masses mix to form what's called an "extratropical cyclone," with cold air at its core deriving energy from the mixing of hot and cold air masses around it.

“炸彈生成”(bombogenesis)或“炸彈旋風(fēng)”(bomb cyclone)是用來(lái)描述24小時(shí)內(nèi)壓力驟降24毫巴的現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)寒冷的大陸氣團(tuán)和溫暖的海洋表面溫度之間形成巨大的溫度梯度時(shí)，這些迅速增強(qiáng)的風(fēng)暴就發(fā)生了。這些氣團(tuán)混合形成所謂的“溫帶氣旋”，冷空氣在其核心從周?chē)睦錈釟鈭F(tuán)混合中獲得能量。

These storms commonly happen along the East Coast — nor'easters in particular are often formed through the process of bombogenesis — but that's not the only place they occur. Currently, New England is under threat with the possibility of tropical storm-force winds, reports CNN. That follows a coastal storm that swept through just last week, meaning the additional rain, high winds and heavy flooding are likely to cause problems from Cape Cod up through Canada.

這些風(fēng)暴通常發(fā)生在東海岸——尤其是東北風(fēng)，通常是通過(guò)炸彈生成過(guò)程形成的——但這并不是它們發(fā)生的唯一地方。據(jù)美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)報(bào)道，目前，新英格蘭正面臨著熱帶風(fēng)暴的威脅。就在上周，一場(chǎng)沿海風(fēng)暴席卷了整個(gè)加拿大，這意味著額外的降雨、大風(fēng)和嚴(yán)重的洪水可能會(huì)造成從科德角到加拿大的問(wèn)題。

Bombogenesis storms, which can form over both land and sea, generally occur between October and March. The energy created from the colliding air masses is so great that the resulting storms can sometimes rival the wind speeds of hurricanes.

炸彈生成風(fēng)暴，可以在陸地和海洋上形成，通常發(fā)生在10月到3月之間。相互碰撞的氣團(tuán)產(chǎn)生的能量是如此之大，以至于產(chǎn)生的風(fēng)暴有時(shí)可以與颶風(fēng)的風(fēng)速相媲美。

What a bombogenesis generally means for those living in its path is blizzard conditions of extreme snow and wind.

“炸彈生成”對(duì)于那些生活在其路徑上的人來(lái)說(shuō)，通常意味著極端的風(fēng)雪天氣。

How do you prepare for a bombogenesis? Stock up, stay warm, throw another log on the fire, and keep off the roads. This is one cold punch of powder best experienced from behind a window.

如何為炸彈生成做準(zhǔn)備?準(zhǔn)備好，保持溫暖，在火上再扔一根木頭，并且遠(yuǎn)離道路。這是一種冰冷的粉末，最好從窗戶后面體驗(yàn)。