2022年11月29日 VOA慢速英語：盡管有妊娠并發(fā)癥，一些婦女仍拒絕墮胎

 
It has been five months since the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade. The ruling ended a 50-year-old legal right to abortion nationwide. Instead, individual states now decide on whether to permit, limit or ban the medical procedure to end a pregnancy.
美國(guó)最高法院推翻 Roe v. Wade 案已經(jīng)五個(gè)月了。該裁決結(jié)束了全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)已有 50 年歷史的墮胎合法權(quán)利。相反，各個(gè)州現(xiàn)在決定是否允許、限制或禁止終止妊娠的醫(yī)療程序。
 
Some doctors in states with restrictive abortion laws say they have sent more patients go somewhere else than ever before. Some women are facing harmful, possibly deadly, delays. Doctors say they are forced to balance medical judgment with possible punishments, including prison time.
有限制墮胎法的州的一些醫(yī)生說，他們把更多的病人送到其他地方去的人數(shù)比以往任何時(shí)候都多。一些女性面臨著有害的，甚至可能是致命的延誤。醫(yī)生說，他們被迫在醫(yī)學(xué)判斷與可能的懲罰（包括入獄時(shí)間）之間取得平衡。
 
Weeks after the overturn of Roe, Dr. Grace Ferguson treated a woman whose water had broken halfway through pregnancy. The baby would never survive, and the patient's chance of developing a possibly life-threatening infection grew with every hour.
在 Roe 手術(shù)被推翻幾周后，格蕾絲·弗格森 (Grace Ferguson) 醫(yī)生治療了一名懷孕中期破水的婦女。嬰兒將永遠(yuǎn)無法存活，并且患者發(fā)生可能危及生命的感染的機(jī)會(huì)每小時(shí)都在增加。
 
The woman had already spent two days at a hospital in West Virginia before she saw Ferguson in the neighboring state of Pennsylvania. She was not able to get an abortion in West Virginia because the state bans the procedure except in the case of a medical emergency. The patient's life was not in danger at that exact time, so doctors did not operate.
在她在鄰近的賓夕法尼亞州見到弗格森之前，這名婦女已經(jīng)在西弗吉尼亞州的一家醫(yī)院住了兩天。她無法在西弗吉尼亞州墮胎，因?yàn)樵撝萁乖摮绦?，除非出現(xiàn)緊急醫(yī)療情況。當(dāng)時(shí)患者沒有生命危險(xiǎn)，因此醫(yī)生沒有進(jìn)行手術(shù)。
 
At the hospital in Pennsylvania, where abortion is legal, Ferguson was able to induce labor to end the pregnancy.
在墮胎合法的賓夕法尼亞州醫(yī)院，弗格森成功引產(chǎn)終止妊娠。
 
How close to death must the patient be?
病人離死亡有多近？
 
Although even the strictest laws permit abortion to save a mother's life, a serious question remains: How close to death must the patient be? "You don't automatically go from living to dead," Ferguson said. "You slowly get sicker and sicker."
盡管即使是最嚴(yán)格的法律也允許墮胎以挽救母親的生命，但一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問題仍然存在：患者離死亡有多近？ “你不會(huì)自動(dòng)從生到死，”弗格森說。 “你的病情會(huì)慢慢加重。”
 
It is impossible to say when that line is crossed, said Dr. Alison Haddock. She is on the board of the American College of Emergency Physicians.
Alison Haddock 博士說，無法確定何時(shí)會(huì)越過這條線。她是美國(guó)急診醫(yī)師學(xué)會(huì)的董事會(huì)成員。
 
"There's just no moment where I'm standing in front of a critically ill patient where I know: OK, before their health was just in danger. But now, their life is in danger," she said.
“我站在危重病人面前的每一刻都讓我知道：好吧，在他們的健康狀況剛剛好之前危險(xiǎn)。但現(xiàn)在，他們的生命處于危險(xiǎn)之中，”她說。
 
Experts say it is hard to know the number of abortion denials when serious complications happen. Employers often tell their health care workers not to speak about such cases. Even still, The Associated Press reached several doctors and patients who shared stories of such denials.
專家表示，當(dāng)發(fā)生嚴(yán)重并發(fā)癥時(shí)，很難知道有多少人拒絕墮胎。雇主經(jīng)常告訴他們的醫(yī)護(hù)人員不要談?wù)摯祟惏咐?。盡管如此，美聯(lián)社還是聯(lián)系到了幾位醫(yī)生和患者，他們分享了這種否認(rèn)的故事。
 
Many doctors and researchers agree that evidence shows it is a widespread problem. In Texas, for example, a doctors' association sent a letter to the state's medical board saying some hospitals refused to treat patients with major complications because of the state's abortion ban.
許多醫(yī)生和研究人員都認(rèn)為有證據(jù)表明這是一個(gè)普遍存在的問題。例如，在得克薩斯州，一個(gè)醫(yī)生協(xié)會(huì)致函該州的醫(yī)療委員會(huì)，稱由于該州的墮胎禁令，一些醫(yī)院拒絕治療有嚴(yán)重并發(fā)癥的患者。
 
Dr. Cara Heuser is a maternal-fetal specialist in Utah. She recalled one patient who was denied an abortion in the neighboring state of Idaho despite developing a serious heart condition halfway through pregnancy. The woman had to be sent to Utah for the procedure.
Cara Heuser 博士是猶他州的母胎專家。她回憶起一位在鄰近的愛達(dá)荷州被拒絕墮胎的病人，盡管她在懷孕中途出現(xiàn)了嚴(yán)重的心臟病。該婦女必須被送往猶他州進(jìn)行手術(shù)。
 
Dr. Lauren Miller is a maternal-fetal specialist in Idaho's capital of Boise. She said she often sees patients whose water breaks at 15 through 19 weeks of pregnancy. All that doctors can do is help them make the difficult decision: "Do they stay here for their care and just wait until something bad happens, or do we facilitate them finding care out of state?"
Lauren Miller 博士是愛達(dá)荷州首府博伊西的母胎專家。她說她經(jīng)?？吹讲∪嗽趹言?15 到 19 周時(shí)破水。醫(yī)生所能做的就是幫助他們做出艱難的決定：“他們是留在這里接受治療，等到壞事發(fā)生，還是我們幫助他們?cè)谥萃鈱ふ抑委煟?rdquo;
 
Dr.勞倫·米勒 (Lauren Miller) 是愛達(dá)荷州首府博伊西的一名母胎專家。她說她經(jīng)?？吹讲∪嗽趹言?15 到 19 周時(shí)破水。醫(yī)生所能做的就是幫助他們做出艱難的決定：“他們是留在這里接受治療，等到壞事發(fā)生，還是我們幫助他們?cè)谥萃鈱ふ抑委煟?rdquo;
 
The stories are similar when pregnancy is complicated by cancer. About 1 in 1,000 pregnant women find out they have cancer each year.
當(dāng)懷孕因癌癥而復(fù)雜化時(shí)，情況是相似的。每年大約有千分之一的孕婦發(fā)現(xiàn)自己患有癌癥。
 
Dr. Karen Knudsen is chief executive officer of the American Cancer Society. She said some cancer doctors have questions about treating pregnant cancer patients, especially when therapies may cause miscarriage.
Dr. Karen Knudsen 是美國(guó)癌癥協(xié)會(huì)的首席執(zhí)行官。她說，一些癌癥醫(yī)生對(duì)治療懷孕的癌癥患者有疑問，尤其是當(dāng)治療可能導(dǎo)致流產(chǎn)時(shí)。
 
Some abortion opponents say doctors may be unnecessarily denying abortions in life-threatening situations out of fear.
一些反對(duì)墮胎的人說，醫(yī)生可能會(huì)出于恐懼而不必要地拒絕在危及生命的情況下進(jìn)行墮胎。
 
It comes down to intent
歸結(jié)為意圖
 
Dr. Patti Giebink is a former abortion doctor who described changing her opinion about the procedure in her book Unexpected Choice: An Abortion Doctor's Journey to Pro-Life. She said it comes down to intent. If you intend to save the mother and not end the life of the fetus, she said, "you're doing good medicine."
博士。帕蒂·吉賓克 (Patti Giebink) 是一名前墮胎醫(yī)生，她在她的書《意想不到的選擇：一名墮胎醫(yī)生的反墮胎之旅》中描述了她對(duì)墮胎手術(shù)的看法的改變。她說這歸結(jié)為意圖。如果你打算拯救母親而不是結(jié)束胎兒的生命，她說，“你是在做良藥。”
 
"We're sort of in a period of time where all these questions come up," she said. "The legislatures are going to be working to solve some of these problems."
“我們正處于所有這些問題都出現(xiàn)的時(shí)期，”她說。 “立法機(jī)關(guān)將努力解決其中的一些問題。”
 
Dr. Paul LaRose is a member of the American Association of Pro-Life Obstetricians and Gynecologists. He said he thinks the issue is overstated.
Dr. Paul LaRose 是美國(guó) Pro-Life 婦產(chǎn)科醫(yī)師協(xié)會(huì)的成員。他說他認(rèn)為這個(gè)問題被夸大了。
 
"Most pro-life physicians would take care of the mother and do what's necessary without purposely taking the life of the unborn baby," LaRose said.
“大多數(shù)反墮胎醫(yī)生會(huì)照顧母親并做必要的事情，而不是故意奪走未出生嬰兒的生命，”LaRose 說。
 
But some women say restrictive abortion laws have put them in danger.
但一些女性表示，限制性墮胎法使她們處于危險(xiǎn)之中。
Denied care
拒絕護(hù)理
 
Mylissa Farmer is from Joplin, Missouri. In August, her water broke 17 and a half weeks into her pregnancy. She went to the emergency room. Tests showed she had lost all her amniotic fluid. The fetus she and her boyfriend had named Maeve was not expected to survive.
Mylissa Farmer 來自密蘇里州的喬普林。 8 月，她在懷孕 17 個(gè)半星期后破水了。她去了急診室。測(cè)試顯示她已經(jīng)失去了所有的羊水。她和男友取名為 Maeve 的胎兒預(yù)計(jì)無法存活。
Despite risks of infection and blood loss, she could not get an abortion. The fetus still had a heartbeat. Doctors told her Missouri law superseded their judgment, medical records show.
盡管有感染和失血的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，她還是無法墮胎。胎兒還有心跳。醫(yī)療記錄顯示，醫(yī)生告訴她密蘇里州法律取代了他們的判斷。
 
She tried for days to get an out-of-state abortion, but many hospitals said they could not take her. In the end, an abortion helpline connected Farmer with a medical center in Granite City, Illinois. She drove more than four hours from home — while in labor — and had the procedure.
幾天來，她一直試圖在州外墮胎，但許多醫(yī)院都說他們不能接受她。最后，墮胎幫助熱線將 Farmer 與伊利諾伊州格拉尼特城的一家醫(yī)療中心聯(lián)系起來。她從家里開車四個(gè)多小時(shí)——在分娩時(shí)——接受了手術(shù)。
 
News organizations reported on Farmer's story. She appeared in a political advertisement. Later, the Missouri health department started an investigation into whether the Joplin hospital had violated federal law. The state has shared its early findings with the federal government.
新聞機(jī)構(gòu)報(bào)道了 Farmer 的故事。她出現(xiàn)在一則政治廣告中。隨后，密蘇里州衛(wèi)生部門開始調(diào)查喬普林醫(yī)院是否違反了聯(lián)邦法律。該州已與聯(lián)邦政府分享其早期調(diào)查結(jié)果。
 
Farmer said the experience was deeply traumatic. She decided to take a permanent step to make sure nothing like this happens to her again.
法默說，這段經(jīng)歷非常痛苦。她決定采取永久措施，以確保類似的事情不會(huì)再發(fā)生在她身上。
 
She got her tubes tied. The procedure prevents her from getting pregnant in the future.
她把管子綁起來了。該程序可防止她將來懷孕。