2022年11月09日 VOA慢速英語：作為 PISA 學(xué)習(xí)一部分的新英語評估

 

Cambridge University Press and Assessment is partnering with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) on a new English language assessment. The goal of the new assessment is to improve understanding of how English is taught and learned as a foreign language.
劍橋大學(xué)出版社和評估與經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織 (OECD) 合作開展一項(xiàng)新的英語語言評估。新評估的目標(biāo)是提高對英語作為外語的教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)方式的理解。
 
The assessment will be a part of the OECD's Program for International Student Assessment, called PISA. PISA is a worldwide study every three years that measures student performance in math, science and reading in the native language. About 80 countries take part in the study.
該評估將成為經(jīng)合組織國際學(xué)生評估計(jì)劃（稱為 PISA）的一部分。PISA 是一項(xiàng)每三年一次的全球性研究，以衡量學(xué)生在數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)和母語閱讀方面的表現(xiàn)。大約有 80 個(gè)國家參與了這項(xiàng)研究。
 
PISA will be adding a foreign language assessment in 2025 as part of the study. So far, English is the only foreign language that will be used in the assessment.
作為研究的一部分，PISA 將在 2025 年增加外語評估。到目前為止，英語是評估中唯一使用的外語。
 
"It's a fact that English is the language of communication of study, of work, spoken by billions of people," Hanan Khalifa told VOA. Khalifa is a language learning and teaching expert with Cambridge, and one of the leading experts on the PISA foreign language assessment. "So it wasn't surprising to use English as a foreign language to start with," she said.
“事實(shí)上，英語是數(shù)十億人交流學(xué)習(xí)和工作的語言，”哈南哈利法告訴美國之音。Khalifa 是劍橋的語言學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)專家，也是 PISA 外語評估的領(lǐng)先專家之一。“所以一開始就使用英語作為一門外語并不奇怪，”她說。
 
Khalifa calls the new test "groundbreaking."
哈利法稱新的測試是“開創(chuàng)性的”。
 
She said large studies of English language teaching and learning have been limited. There was a study in the 1970s by the University of Gothenburg in Sweden looking at English as a foreign language. And Cambridge was involved in a 2000s study among some European Union countries that assessed teaching and learning foreign languages. Cambridge has tested English teaching and learning in individual countries, but never on a worldwide level.
她說，對英語教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)的大型研究是有限的。瑞典哥德堡大學(xué)在 1970 年代進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，將英語視為一門外語。劍橋參與了 2000 年代在一些歐盟國家中進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)評估外語教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)的研究。劍橋在個(gè)別國家測試過英語教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)，但從未在全球范圍內(nèi)測試過。
 
The PISA assessment administered "all over the world with participating countries gives us really, really rich data," Khalifa said. Until now there has not been a "reliable … data source about the levels of the abilities of people who would speak English."
哈利法說，“在世界各地與參與國一起進(jìn)行的 PISA 評估為我們提供了非常非常豐富的數(shù)據(jù)”。到目前為止，還沒有一個(gè)“可靠的……關(guān)于會(huì)說英語的人的能力水平的數(shù)據(jù)來源”。
 
She said the data will help countries make decisions about how to use resources. Without good data it can be hard to know whether countries should center their efforts on developing study programs, training teachers, or introducing students to the language earlier, she said.
她說，這些數(shù)據(jù)將幫助各國決定如何使用資源。她說，如果沒有良好的數(shù)據(jù)，很難知道各國是否應(yīng)該將精力集中在制定學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃、培訓(xùn)教師或讓學(xué)生更早地了解該語言上。
 
The PISA study is only given out to 15-year-old students who attend the school system. The test will center on assessing real-world, everyday English communication.
PISA 研究僅提供給在學(xué)校系統(tǒng)就讀的 15 歲學(xué)生。該測試將集中在評估現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的日常英語交流。
 
Khalifa said the test "is not about whether your grammar is accurate and whether your vocabulary is spot on." She added: "It's about whether your message has actually been communicated to the other side or not."
哈利法說，測試“不是關(guān)于你的語法是否準(zhǔn)確以及你的詞匯是否準(zhǔn)確。” 她補(bǔ)充說：“這是關(guān)于你的信息是否真的傳達(dá)給了對方。”
 
The test will be entirely online and through a computer. Students will be assessed based on their English language ability. Students will speak into microphones for the spoken parts of the test.
測試將完全在線并通過計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行。學(xué)生將根據(jù)他們的英語語言能力進(jìn)行評估。學(xué)生將在測試的口語部分對著麥克風(fēng)講話。
 
OECD piloted the assessment in five countries in 2021, and Khalifa said it was a success.
經(jīng)合組織于 2021 年在五個(gè)國家試行了該評估，哈利法表示這是成功的。
 
Catalina Covacevich is with OECD and was involved with the pilot program.
Catalina Covacevich 在經(jīng)合組織工作，并參與了試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目。
 
She said in a statement that "we were concerned that students with low levels of speaking skills may have found the pilot stressful, but one school enjoyed it so much, they clapped after the speaking assessment."
她在一份聲明中說：“我們擔(dān)心口語水平低的學(xué)生可能會(huì)覺得飛行員壓力很大，但一所學(xué)校非常享受，他們在口語評估后鼓掌。”
 
Khalifa said the test is not meant to trick students or be overly difficult.
哈利法說，這項(xiàng)測試并不是為了欺騙學(xué)生或過于困難。
 
"We try to minimize the anxiety as much as possible," she said.
“我們盡量減少焦慮，”她說。
 
But the countries involved take the results seriously. Khalifa said that countries that have been helped by PISA have changed their education policies. Some countries have decided to hire more teachers or introduce foreign languages at a younger age, she said.
但有關(guān)國家認(rèn)真對待結(jié)果。哈利法說，受 PISA 幫助的國家已經(jīng)改變了他們的教育政策。她說，一些國家已決定聘請更多教師或在更年輕的時(shí)候引入外語。
 
"And that is one of the key reasons why we partnered with OECD," Khalifa said. "It is about that influence [of PISA]."
“這是我們與經(jīng)合組織合作的關(guān)鍵原因之一，”哈利法說。“這是關(guān)于[PISA]的影響。”