2022年10月25日 VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：美國(guó)的考試成績(jī)?cè)?COVID 之后出現(xiàn)“歷史性”下降

 
Students across the United States have had "historic" drops in math and reading test scores since the start of the pandemic.
自大流行開(kāi)始以來(lái)，美國(guó)各地的學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)和閱讀考試成績(jī)出現(xiàn)了“歷史性”下降。
 
Across the country, math scores saw their largest decreases ever. Reading scores dropped to 1992 levels. Nearly four in 10 eighth graders failed to understand basic math ideas. Not a single state saw any improvement.
在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)，數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)出現(xiàn)了有史以來(lái)最大的降幅。閱讀分?jǐn)?shù)下降到 1992 年的水平。近十分之四的八年級(jí)學(xué)生未能理解基本的數(shù)學(xué)概念。沒(méi)有一個(gè)州有任何改善。
 
Those are the findings from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) — also known as the "nation's report card."
這些是國(guó)家教育進(jìn)步評(píng)估 (NAEP) 的調(diào)查結(jié)果——也稱為“國(guó)家成績(jī)單”。
 
Hundreds of thousands of fourth and eighth graders across the U.S. took the test earlier this year. It was the first time the test had been administered since 2019. The result is seen as the first nationally representative study of the pandemic's effect on learning.
今年早些時(shí)候，美國(guó)有數(shù)十萬(wàn)四年級(jí)和八年級(jí)學(xué)生參加了考試。這是自 2019 年以來(lái)首次進(jìn)行該測(cè)試。該結(jié)果被視為關(guān)于大流行對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)影響的第一項(xiàng)具有全國(guó)代表性的研究。
 
"It is a serious wakeup call for us all," Peggy Carr, an official with the National Center for Education Statistics of the Education Department said. "In NAEP, when we experience a 1- or 2-point decline, we're talking about it as a significant impact on a student's achievement. In math, we experienced an 8-point decline — historic for this assessment," she said.
“這對(duì)我們所有人來(lái)說(shuō)都是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的警鐘，”教育部國(guó)家教育統(tǒng)計(jì)中心的官員佩吉卡爾說(shuō)。“在 NAEP 中，當(dāng)我們經(jīng)歷 1 或 2 分的下降時(shí)，我們將其視為對(duì)學(xué)生成績(jī)的重大影響。在數(shù)學(xué)方面，我們經(jīng)歷了 8 分的下降——對(duì)于這次評(píng)估來(lái)說(shuō)是歷史性的，”她說(shuō).
 
Researchers usually consider a 10-point gain or drop as comparable to about one school year of learning. Education Secretary Miguel Cardona said it is a sign that schools need to work much harder to help students recover.
研究人員通常認(rèn)為 10 分的增長(zhǎng)或下降相當(dāng)于大約一學(xué)年的學(xué)習(xí)。教育部長(zhǎng)米格爾·卡多納（Miguel Cardona）表示，這表明學(xué)校需要更加努力地幫助學(xué)生康復(fù)。
 
"Let me be very clear: these results are not acceptable," Cardona said.
“讓我非常清楚：這些結(jié)果是不可接受的，”卡多納說(shuō)。
 
Declines across all groups
所有組均下降
 
The NAEP test is usually given every two years. It was taken between January and March by students in every state and the nation's largest school systems. Test scores did not show any progress even before the pandemic. But the latest scores show decreases at levels not seen before.
NAEP 測(cè)試通常每?jī)赡赀M(jìn)行一次。它是在 1 月至 3 月期間由每個(gè)州和全國(guó)最大的學(xué)校系統(tǒng)的學(xué)生參加的。即使在大流行之前，測(cè)試成績(jī)也沒(méi)有顯示任何進(jìn)展。但最新的分?jǐn)?shù)顯示出前所未有的水平下降。
 
In both math and reading, students scored lower than those tested in 2019. But while reading scores decreased, math scores sharply dropped by the largest amount in the history of the NAEP, which began in 1969.
在數(shù)學(xué)和閱讀方面，學(xué)生的得分均低于 2019 年的考試成績(jī)。但在閱讀成績(jī)下降的同時(shí)，數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)急劇下降，創(chuàng)下 1969 年開(kāi)始的 NAEP 歷史上的最大降幅。
 
Math scores were worst among eighth graders, with 38 percent earning scores judged as "below basic." That is lower than in 2019 when 31 percent of eighth graders scored below basic.
八年級(jí)學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)最差，38% 的學(xué)生的收入分?jǐn)?shù)被判定為“低于基礎(chǔ)”。這低于 2019 年，當(dāng)時(shí) 31% 的八年級(jí)學(xué)生得分低于基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
 
Every part of the country saw test scores fall, and every state saw declines in at least one subject. Several major school systems saw test scores fall by more than 10 points. Schools in Cleveland, Ohio saw the largest single drop, falling 16 points in fourth-grade reading, along with a 15-point decline in fourth-grade math.
該國(guó)每個(gè)地區(qū)的考試成績(jī)都在下降，每個(gè)州都至少有一門(mén)科目出現(xiàn)下降。幾個(gè)主要的學(xué)校系統(tǒng)的考試成績(jī)下降了 10 多分。俄亥俄州克利夫蘭的學(xué)校單次跌幅最大，四年級(jí)閱讀下降 16 分，四年級(jí)數(shù)學(xué)下降 15 分。
 
"This is more confirmation that the pandemic hit us really hard," said Eric Gordon, head of the Cleveland school system. To help students recover, the school system has added summer school and after-school tutoring.
克利夫蘭學(xué)校系統(tǒng)負(fù)責(zé)人埃里克·戈登（Eric Gordon）說(shuō)：“這更加證實(shí)了大流行對(duì)我們的打擊非常嚴(yán)重。” 為了幫助學(xué)生康復(fù)，學(xué)校系統(tǒng)增加了暑期學(xué)校和課后輔導(dǎo)。
 
Educators are concerned, however, about the widening divide among different groups of students. Black and Hispanic students saw bigger decreases than white students in fourth grade. And scores fell most sharply among the lowest-performing students as compared to the others.
然而，教育者擔(dān)心不同學(xué)生群體之間日益擴(kuò)大的鴻溝。在四年級(jí)時(shí)，黑人和西班牙裔學(xué)生的降幅大于白人學(xué)生。與其他學(xué)生相比，表現(xiàn)最差的學(xué)生的分?jǐn)?shù)下降幅度最大。
 
Alberto Carvalho is head of the Los Angeles, California school system and serves on the National Assessment Governing Board. The board decides policy for the NAEP. Carvalho said the recent test results show that schools must deal with the "long-standing and systemic shortcomings of our education system."
Alberto Carvalho 是加利福尼亞州洛杉磯學(xué)校系統(tǒng)的負(fù)責(zé)人，并在國(guó)家評(píng)估管理委員會(huì)任職。董事會(huì)決定 NAEP 的政策。卡瓦略說(shuō)，最近的測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，學(xué)校必須解決“我們教育系統(tǒng)長(zhǎng)期存在的系統(tǒng)性缺陷”。
 
"While the pandemic was a blow to schools and communities, we cannot use it as an excuse," he said. "We have to stay committed to high standards and expectations and help every child succeed."
他說(shuō)：“雖然大流行對(duì)學(xué)校和社區(qū)造成了打擊，但我們不能以此為借口。” “我們必須堅(jiān)持高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和期望，幫助每個(gè)孩子取得成功。”