英國(guó)語(yǔ)文第五冊(cè)(雙語(yǔ)):蠟燭的化學(xué)組成(2)

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"I dare say that the flame of the candle looks flat to you; but if we were to put a lamp-glass over it, so as to shelter it from the draught, you would see it is round—round sideways, and running up to a peak. It is drawn up by the hot air. You know that hot air always rises, and that is the way smoke is taken up the chimney. What do you think is in the middle of the flame?"

“我敢說(shuō),蠟燭的火焰你看起來(lái)是平穩(wěn)的;但如果我們用一個(gè)玻璃燈罩罩住,包住它以免它接觸到氣流,你會(huì)看到它是圓圓的,圓圓的斜向一邊。并且往上升至峰值，它被熱空氣停住。你知道,熱空氣上升,這是煙產(chǎn)生化學(xué)物質(zhì)的方式。你認(rèn)為它是在燃燒中的嗎?”

"I should say fire," replied Uncle Bagges.

“我應(yīng)該說(shuō)火,” Bagges 叔叔回答。

"Oh, no. The flame is hollow. The bright flame we see is something no thicker than a thin peel or skin, and it doesn't touch the wick. Inside of it is the vapour I told you of just now. If you put one end of a bent pipe into the middle of the flame, and let the other end of the pipe dip into a warm bottle, the vapour or gas from the candle will mix with the air there; and if you were to set fire to the mixture of gas from the candle and air in the bottle, it would go off with a bang."

“哦,不?；鹧媸强招牡摹Ｎ覀兛吹降拿髁恋幕鹧媸且恍┎槐缺」せ蚱つw厚的物質(zhì),它也沒(méi)有碰到燈芯。內(nèi)部的蒸汽我現(xiàn)在告訴你。如果你把一個(gè)彎管的一端放到火焰的中間,將管道的另一端放到一個(gè)溫暖的瓶子中,蠟燭的蒸汽或氣體將會(huì)在那與空氣混合;如果你點(diǎn)燃這蠟燭燃燒產(chǎn)生的氣體和空氣的混合氣體瓶,它將會(huì)砰的一聲爆炸。”

"I wish you'd do that, Harry," said Master Tom, the younger brother of the juvenile lecturer.

“我希望你這樣做,哈利,”教師湯姆說(shuō),他是年輕的青少年講師。

"I want the proper things," answered Harry.—"Well, uncle, the flame of the candle is a little shining case, with gas in the inside of it and air on the outside, so that the case of flame is between the air and the gas. The gas keeps going into the flame to burn; and when the candle burns properly, none of the gas ever passes out through the flame, and none of the air ever gets in through the flame to the gas. The greatest heat of the candle is in this skin, or peel, or case of flame."

“我想要正式的東西,”哈利回答說(shuō)?！班?叔叔,蠟燭燃燒的火焰是小小的發(fā)光的東西,內(nèi)部的氣體和外面的空氣,這樣的情況下,火焰是在空氣與氣體之間的。氣體不斷進(jìn)入火焰燃燒;而當(dāng)蠟燭正常燃燒,氣體都不曾通過(guò)火焰?zhèn)鞒?空氣也都不曾通過(guò)火焰到達(dá)氣體。蠟燭最大的熱量是在皮膚,或表皮,或燃著的火焰?！?/p>

"Case of flame!" repeated Mr. Bagges. "Live and learn. I should have thought a ”candle-flame was as thick as my poor old noddle."

“燃著的火焰!”Bagges先生重復(fù)了一遍?！盎畹嚼?學(xué)到老。我以為蠟燭的火焰是和我可憐的腦袋一樣厚的。

"I can show you the contrary," said Harry. "I take this piece of white paper, look, and hold it a second or two down on the candle-flame, keeping the flame very steady. Now, I'll rub off the black of the smoke, and—there—you find that the paper is scorched in the shape of a ring, but inside the ring it is only dirtied, and not singed at all."

“我可以告訴你,”哈利說(shuō)?！拔夷弥@張白紙,看,保持一兩秒鐘在燃著的蠟燭上,讓火焰非常穩(wěn)定。現(xiàn)在,我將摩擦那黑煙,耶——你發(fā)現(xiàn)紙是燒焦的環(huán)形,但在環(huán)內(nèi)只是臟,沒(méi)有完全燒焦。”

"Seeing is believing," remarked the uncle.

“眼見(jiàn)為實(shí),”叔叔說(shuō)。