21 CUT: 切，割，砍；不到場(chǎng)，不出席；削減，減少；顯出，給人…的印象；出牙，長(zhǎng)牙；分離出去；讓…進(jìn)入

21 CUT: 切，割，砍；不到場(chǎng)，不出席；削減，減少；顯出，給人…的印象；出牙，長(zhǎng)牙；分離出去；讓…進(jìn)入

詞組講解

1. cut a fine 〔conspicuous〕 figure ** 大放異彩；嶄露頭角

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；正式用語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：顯出［卓越的（fine）］［一面（figure）］

例 Wearing a new dress, Janet surprisingly cut a fine figure at the dinner.

2. cut a wide 〔big〕 swath ** （把一大片地區(qū)）夷為平地；炫耀，出風(fēng)頭

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：割出很［寬的（wide）］［一條（swath）］

例 He's a mild-mannered man, but when he speaks in public he cuts a wide swath.

3. cut across sth. *** 走近路穿過(guò)；與…不符；超越

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：將某物［橫穿（across）］切開(kāi)

例 We cut across the campus to avoid traffic in the city.

Poverty cuts across all racial barriers.

4. cut back *** 急忙返回

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：［向后（back）］切

例 Suddenly the bear cut back and ran to the hunter.

5. cut back on sth. / cut sth. back *** 減少，削減

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：針對(duì)某物［向后（back）］削減

例 Companies generally cut back on hiring during prolonged economic recessions.

6. cut class ** 曠課，逃課

解 〈口〉習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：上［課（class）］不到場(chǎng)

例 Tom and I cut class and went to video arcade nearby.

7. cut corners ** 走捷徑；省事

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：切去［拐角、轉(zhuǎn)彎處（corners）］，躲避轉(zhuǎn)彎，引申為“躲避困難，走捷徑”

例 Chef Reynolds showed us how to cut corners when preparing the meals.

8. cut down on sth. / cut down *** 減少；削減

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：砍［掉（down）］某物

例 Cut down on the salt you eat and your blood pressure will drop back to normal.

9. cut in on sb. or sth. / cut in *** 插入；插嘴；超車

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：切［入（in）］某人或某事；參照 cut into sth.

例 An announcer cut in on the program to issue the urgent storm warning.

Do you mind if I cut in here? I have something to add to this discussion.

The taxi driver cut in and caused an accident.

10. cut into sth. / cut into *** 切入；插入

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：切［入（into）］某物

例 As soon as I cut into the plant, a stream of thick white fluid gushed out.

Anyone caught cutting into line will be asked to leave the theater.

11. cut loose from sb. or sth. / cut loose ** 逃離；斷絕關(guān)系；脫離…而自由行動(dòng)

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：從某人或某物上切開(kāi)成為［自由的（loose）］狀態(tài)

例 Several congressmen have cut loose from their parties to run as independents.

12. cut no ice * 沒(méi)有效果；沒(méi)有影響

解 俚語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：連［冰塊（ice）］都不能砍碎

例 Senator Wilson's threats cut no ice with me. My opinion remains the same.

13. cut off one's nose to spite one's face ** 一時(shí)生氣而做了對(duì)自己有害的事情

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：為了給自己的［臉（face）］［報(bào)仇（spite）］而切［下（off）］了自己的［鼻子（nose）］

例 The union is cutting off its nose to spite its face by striking now when the company is so close to bankruptcy.

14. cut one's eyeteeth on sth. ** （從小就）開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)，（很早就）開(kāi)始從事

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：長(zhǎng)出［上尖牙（eyeteeth）］

例 Bob cut his eyeteeth on writing. His parents are authors.

15. cut one's losses ** 減少損失

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：減少某人的［損失（losses）］

例 It would be better to give up. Stop this project now and cut our losses.

16. cut one's throat ** 經(jīng)歷失敗；使受到損害

解 〈口〉習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：割某人的［喉嚨（throat）］

例 Bill cut Helen's throat with George by telling him lies.

17. cut out for sth. / cut out to be sth. *** 具有…才能；是…的材料

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：為了某事而切掉

例 His lean, muscular build made him cut out for any kind of sport.

18. cut sb. down to size ** 使謙遜，滅氣焰

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：削減某人的氣焰使其［下降（down）］到一定［程度（size）］

例 I hope he loses the election. That sure would cut him down to size.

19. cut sb. or sth. in / cut in sb. or sth. *** 讓某人分享利潤(rùn)

解 〈口〉短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：讓某人進(jìn)入

例 His input to the project was too great to ignore, so he was cut in on the bonus.

20. cut sb. or sth. loose ** 使脫離束縛；使自由

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：從某人或某物上切離成為［自由的（loose）］狀態(tài)；參照cut loose from sb. or sth.

例 Cut your researchers loose to do whatever research they want.

21. cut sb. or sth. off / cut off sb. or sth. / cut off *** 打斷，中斷；阻斷；停止

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：切［離（off）］某人或某事

例 Bob was about to reveal our secret, so I cut him off before he could say anymore.

He cut the TV off and opened his book when he heard his mother coming.

22. cut sb. or sth. out / cut out sb. or sth. *** 刪除；取代

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：將某人或某物分離［出去（out）］

例 The lecture on Macroeconomics has been cut out from today's schedule.

23. cut sb. or sth. short / cut sb. or sth. off short ** 提前結(jié)束

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：將某人或某物切［短（short）］

例 Let's cut this meeting short so we can all get home for the holidays.

24. cut sb. or sth. to pieces ** 切碎；苛評(píng)

解 〈口〉習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：將某人或某物切［碎（to pieces）］

例 Our tent was cut to pieces by the hurricane's 90-mph winds.

25. cut sb. or sth. to the bone ** 大幅縮減

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：切到某人或某物的［骨頭（to the bone）］

例 If the project wasn't vital, we've eliminated it. We've cut this budget to the bone.

26. cut sb. or sth. up *** 切碎；使受傷；使傷心

解 〈口〉短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：［完全地（up）］砍斷某人或某物

例 An anti-personnel mine is designed not to kill, but to cut you up badly.

How can you cut him up like that after all he has done for you?

27. cut sb. to the quick ** 刺中痛處

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：切到某人［（傷口的嫩肉（quick）］

例 The report on CNN is said to have cut the company's founder to the quick.

28. cut teeth ** 長(zhǎng)牙

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：［牙齒（teeth）］長(zhǎng)出來(lái)

例 Most babies begin cutting teeth in their sixth month.

29. cut the ground （out） from under sb. ** 破壞計(jì)劃；挖墻腳

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：從［下方（under）］砍掉某人的［基礎(chǔ)、立場(chǎng)（ground）］

例 The government is cutting the ground from under the opposition.

30. cut up *** 胡鬧，不守規(guī)矩；插科打諢

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：［完全（up）］用力砍下

例 Your son is always cutting up in class, which disturbs the other students.

參考譯文

1. 珍妮特穿著一件新禮服，在晚宴上驚人地大放異彩。

2. 他是個(gè)溫良謙恭的人，但是當(dāng)他在公眾場(chǎng)合說(shuō)話的時(shí)候卻愛(ài)出風(fēng)頭。

3. 為了避開(kāi)城市的交通，我們從學(xué)校里抄近道。

貧困在各個(gè)種族中都存在。

4. 熊突然掉轉(zhuǎn)頭，沖向獵人。

5. 在長(zhǎng)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退期間，公司通常會(huì)減少招聘的人數(shù)。

6. 湯姆和我逃課去了附近的電子游戲室。

7. 雷諾茲主廚向我們展示了如何用最省事的方式準(zhǔn)備飯菜。

8. 減少鹽的攝入量，你的血壓就會(huì)下降到正常水平。

9. 播音員中斷了節(jié)目，插播緊急暴風(fēng)雨警告。

我能不能打斷一下？我想再討論點(diǎn)其他事情。

出租車司機(jī)超車引起了車禍。

10. 我切開(kāi)那株植物時(shí)，里面噴出一股濃濃的白色液體。

插隊(duì)的人將被請(qǐng)離劇院。

11. 一些國(guó)會(huì)議員脫離了他們的政黨，以獨(dú)立人身份參選。

12. 威爾遜議員的威脅對(duì)我沒(méi)有任何影響。我依然堅(jiān)持我的看法。

13. 工會(huì)在公司面臨破產(chǎn)之際選擇罷工，簡(jiǎn)直是因憤怒而搬起石頭砸自己的腳。

14. 鮑勃從小就開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)寫作，他的父母都是作家。

15. 還是放棄好了。 現(xiàn)在停止項(xiàng)目，減少損失。

16. 比爾對(duì)喬治說(shuō)了些謊話，從而破壞了他與海倫的關(guān)系。

17. 他的體型瘦而結(jié)實(shí)，適合各種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。

18. 我希望他選舉失敗。那肯定能滅滅他的氣焰。

19. 他對(duì)項(xiàng)目的投入太多了，不能被忽視，所以也分得了獎(jiǎng)金。

20. 不要束縛你的研究人員，讓他們做自己想做的研究。

21. 鮑勃馬上就要說(shuō)出我們的秘密，我趕緊打斷了他。

聽(tīng)到媽媽來(lái)，他關(guān)上電視，打開(kāi)了書。

22. 今天的計(jì)劃中刪除了關(guān)于宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的演講。

23. 我們提前結(jié)束會(huì)議吧，這樣就可以放假回家了。

24. 我們的帳篷被速度為每小時(shí)90英里的颶風(fēng)撕成了碎片。

25. 要不是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目至關(guān)重要，我們就把它取消了。我們已經(jīng)大幅削減了此項(xiàng)預(yù)算。

26. 反步兵地雷并不是為了炸死人，而是為了使人受重傷。

他為你做過(guò)那么多事，你怎么還能讓他那樣傷心？

27. 據(jù)說(shuō)美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)的報(bào)道觸及了公司創(chuàng)始人的痛處。

28. 大部分嬰兒在六個(gè)月大的時(shí)候開(kāi)始長(zhǎng)牙。

29. 政府正在挖反對(duì)派的墻角。

30. 你兒子在課堂上總是胡鬧，打擾其他學(xué)生。