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ability
◆ actual skill, either mental or physical; native or acquired
實際能力,腦力或者體力上的;指人先天的或?qū)W來的各種能力。
例:
...the ability to bear hardship.
吃苦耐勞的能力...
Capability
◆ unique fitness for a defined end; sometimes may be used in place of ability, but its use in place of capacity is incorrect
多用于人,針對特定目的的具體能力(常有“勝任”某職務(wù)的意思);有時可用來代替ability,但它不能替代capacity
◆ often refers to extremes of ability
通常指你能達到的能力的極限
例:
It was, in any case, beyond the capability of one man.
無論如何,一個人是做不到的。
Capacity
◆ potential to develop a skill, usually mental; native, as opposed to acquired
側(cè)重指潛在能力,通常不指體力,多指才智,尤指接受與領(lǐng)悟能力;先天的,不是后天努力能得到的
◆ a measure of such ability.
衡量某一能力的標(biāo)準或者尺度;capacity實際上多與數(shù)量或容量有關(guān),表示能力的一種度量。通常用在物上,表示某物的容納等能力
例:
vital capacity n. 肺活量
最后,
我們放在句子里對照理解一下
我能寫作。
意思就是:
I've always been interested in writing, and I took some classes.
我一直對寫作很感興趣,我也上過一些寫作課。
I don't have the capability to write a novel.
我不能寫小說。
意思就是:
My skill is in poetry, not creating a fictional story.
我很擅長寫詩歌,但是我不擅長創(chuàng)作小說。
我能寫小說,但是我不想。
意思就是:
I don't want to put the mental effort into writing a long story.
我不想把精力花在寫一個長篇故事上。