研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，喝低脂牛奶可以延緩衰老過程

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，喝低脂牛奶可以延緩衰老過程

Switching to reduced-fat milk could slow down aging and help you live longer, according to a new study.

一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，改用低脂牛奶可以延緩衰老，延長(zhǎng)壽命。

The study revealed that every 1 percent increase in milk fat consumed — drinking 2 percent vs. 1 percent milk — translated to more than four years in additional biological aging.

研究表明，每增加1%的牛奶脂肪攝入——2%脂肪量對(duì)比1%脂肪量——就會(huì)導(dǎo)致4年多的額外生物衰老。

“It was surprising how strong the difference was,” the study’s lead author, professor Larry Tucker from Brigham Young University said.

研究報(bào)告的主要撰寫人、楊百翰大學(xué)的拉里·塔克教授說:“這種差異之大令人驚訝。”

“If you’re going to drink high-fat milk, you should be aware that doing so is predictive of or related to some significant consequences.”

“如果你要喝高脂肪的牛奶，你應(yīng)該意識(shí)到這樣做是對(duì)一些重大后果的預(yù)測(cè)或相關(guān)。”

The research, published in the journal Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, analyzed the genes of almost 6,000 US adults.

這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表在《氧化醫(yī)學(xué)與細(xì)胞壽命》雜志上，分析了近6000名美國(guó)成年人的基因。

Cell stress

細(xì)胞壓力

Researchers worked out the age of DNA by looking at the length of telomeres, a compound in human chromosomes that get shorter with age.

研究人員通過觀察端粒的長(zhǎng)度計(jì)算出了DNA的年齡。端粒是人類染色體上的一種化合物，隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，端粒會(huì)變短。

They believe that the saturated fat in high-fat milk puts stress on a person’s cells, which can cause damage and contribute to the death of tissues in the body.

他們認(rèn)為，高脂肪牛奶中的飽和脂肪會(huì)對(duì)人體細(xì)胞造成壓力，從而導(dǎo)致身體組織的損傷和死亡。

The researchers used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey as well as carrying out questionnaires on 5,834 people.

研究人員使用了國(guó)家健康和營(yíng)養(yǎng)調(diào)查的數(shù)據(jù)，并對(duì)5834人進(jìn)行了問卷調(diào)查。

Nearly half of the people in the study consumed milk daily and another quarter consumed milk at least weekly.

研究中近一半的人每天喝牛奶，另有四分之一的人至少每周喝一次。

Just under a third consumed whole milk and another 30 percent reported drinking 2 percent milk. Ten percent reported consuming 1 percent milk and 17 percent drank nonfat milk.

不到三分之一的人喝全脂牛奶，另有30%的人喝2%的牛奶。10%的人喝1%的牛奶，17%的人喝脫脂牛奶。

About 13 percent did not drink cow’s milk at all.

大約13%的人根本不喝牛奶。

Surprisingly, the study also found that people who didn’t drink any milk had shorter telomeres than adults who consumed low-fat milk, meaning they also aged quicker than skimmed milk drinkers.

令人驚訝的是，這項(xiàng)研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，不喝牛奶的人端粒比喝低脂牛奶的人更短，這意味著他們比喝脫脂牛奶的人衰老得更快。

Researchers said for every one percent increase in milk fat consumed, telomeres were 69 base pairs shorter in the adults studied — which works out as the equivalent of four additional years of biological aging.

研究人員表示，在被研究的成年人中，牛奶脂肪每增加1%，端粒就減少69個(gè)堿基對(duì)，這相當(dāng)于增加了4年的生物衰老。

Even more significantly, when the study analyzed the extremes of milk drinkers, they discovered that adults who consumed whole milk had telomeres that were 145 molecules shorter than non-fat milk drinkers.

更重要的是，當(dāng)研究分析了飲用牛奶者的極端情況時(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)飲用全脂牛奶的成年人端粒比飲用脫脂牛奶的人短145個(gè)分子。

That’s the equivalent of additional years of biological aging, they said.

他們說，這相當(dāng)于增加了數(shù)年的生物老化。

Milk is made up of about two-thirds of saturated fat, which is thought to trigger inflammation in the body and increase oxidative stress on cells.

牛奶由大約三分之二的飽和脂肪組成，飽和脂肪被認(rèn)為會(huì)引發(fā)體內(nèi)炎癥，增加細(xì)胞的氧化應(yīng)激。

“It appears that the milk fat and cellular aging association identified in this investigation was probably due, in part, to increased inflammation and oxidative stress caused by increased consumption of saturated fat,” the authors wrote.

作者寫道:“在這項(xiàng)研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)的牛奶脂肪和細(xì)胞衰老之間的聯(lián)系，可能部分是由于攝入了更多的飽和脂肪而導(dǎo)致炎癥和氧化應(yīng)激的增加。”