那個(gè)因吃垃圾食品而失明的孩子

你需要知道的是，那個(gè)因吃垃圾食品而失明的孩子

A poor diet of chips and crisps caused a teenage boy in England to become blind. The boy – let's call him Jasper – first visited his family GP complaining of tiredness when he was 14 years old. Tests showed he was anaemic with low vitamin B12 levels. He was also a picky eater, but had no problems with his health.

薯?xiàng)l和薯片的不良飲食導(dǎo)致英國一個(gè)十幾歲的男孩失明。這個(gè)男孩——我們叫他杰斯帕吧——14歲時(shí)第一次去看家庭醫(yī)生，抱怨他很累。測試顯示他貧血，維生素B12水平低。他也是個(gè)挑食的人，但健康沒有問題。

His GP gave him vitamin B12 injections and advice on how to improve his diet. But by the time he was 15, he had started to develop hearing loss and had problems with his vision.

他的家庭醫(yī)生給他注射維生素b12，并建議他如何改善飲食。但在他15歲的時(shí)候，他已經(jīng)開始出現(xiàn)聽力損失，視力也有問題。

He was referred to an ear, nose and throat specialist and was examined by an ophthalmologist, but no cause was found.

他被轉(zhuǎn)介給耳鼻喉科專家，并由眼科醫(yī)生檢查，但沒有找到病因。

By age 17, his vision had become worse, to the point of blindness. He was referred to the Bristol Eye Hospital when he saw a specialist in neuro-ophthalmology. He was diagnosed with optic neuropathy (damage to the optic nerve) and further tests revealed that the cause was nutritional.

到了17歲，他的視力變得更差，甚至失明。他去布里斯托爾眼科醫(yī)院看了神經(jīng)眼科專家。初步診斷為視神經(jīng)病變(視神經(jīng)損傷)，進(jìn)一步的測試顯示，原因是營養(yǎng)不良。

He had several micronutrient deficiencies, including low vitamin B12 (his vitamin B12 injections had lapsed), vitamin D, copper and selenium levels, and a high zinc level. His bone mineral density was also very low – probably resulting from his low vitamin D.

他有一些微量營養(yǎng)素缺乏，缺乏包括維生素b12(他的維生素b12注射失效)，維生素d，銅和硒，以及高鋅水平?？赡苁怯捎诰S生素D含量低，他的骨密度也很低。

Jasper confessed that he had been a picky eater since primary school and would not eat certain textures of food. He had a daily portion of chips from the local fish and chip shop and snacked on crisps, white bread, processed ham slices and sausage.

賈斯珀承認(rèn)，他從小學(xué)起就挑食，不會(huì)吃某些質(zhì)地的食物。他每天從當(dāng)?shù)氐恼~薯?xiàng)l店買一份薯?xiàng)l，吃薯片、白面包、加工過的火腿片和香腸。

Despite being given nutritional supplements to treat his deficiencies, his sight did not improve.

盡管給了他營養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充劑來治療他的缺陷，他的視力并沒有改善。

In our case study, published in Annals of Internal Medicine, we concluded that Jasper's junk food diet and limited intake of nutritional vitamins and minerals resulted in the onset of nutritional optic neuropathy – a dysfunction of the optic nerve, which is important for vision. It is a rare but serious complication of several types of nutritional deficiency.

在我們發(fā)表在《內(nèi)科學(xué)年鑒》上的案例研究中，我們得出結(jié)論，賈斯珀的垃圾食品飲食和有限的營養(yǎng)維生素和礦物質(zhì)攝入導(dǎo)致了營養(yǎng)性視神經(jīng)病變——視神經(jīng)功能障礙，這對視力很重要。它是幾種營養(yǎng)缺乏癥的罕見但嚴(yán)重的并發(fā)癥。

Deficiencies of vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin B9 (folate), vitamin B12 (cobalamin), iron, calcium, magnesium and copper are all known to cause optic neuropathy and are easily misdiagnosed as other disorders if the doctor doesn't have the patient's dietary history.

維生素b1(硫胺素)、維生素b2(核黃素)、維生素b3(煙酸)、維生素b6(吡哆醇)、維生素b9(葉酸)、維生素b12(鈷胺)、鐵、鈣、鎂和銅的缺乏都是已知的引起視神經(jīng)病變的因素，如果醫(yī)生沒有患者的飲食歷史，很容易被誤診為其他疾病。

The condition is reversible if caught early. But left untreated, it can lead to permanent structural damage to the optic nerve and blindness, which happened in Jasper's case.

如果及早發(fā)現(xiàn)，病情是可逆的。但如果不加以治療，它可能導(dǎo)致視神經(jīng)永久性結(jié)構(gòu)損傷和失明，賈斯帕的情況就是這樣。