科學(xué)家告別第一個(gè)因氣候變化而失去的冰島冰川

科學(xué)家告別第一個(gè)因氣候變化而失去的冰島冰川

Scientists say they are bidding farewell to Okjökull, the first Icelandic glacier lost to climate change, in a funeral of sorts.

科學(xué)家們表示，他們將向Okjokull冰川告別。Okjokull是冰島第一個(gè)因氣候變化而消失的冰川。

It can displace people

它可以取代人類

By 2100, up to 2 billion people -- or about a fifth of the world's population -- could be displaced from their homes and forced to move inland because of rising ocean levels, according to a 2017 study.

2017年的一項(xiàng)研究顯示，到2100年，由于海平面上升，多達(dá)20億人(約占全球人口的五分之一)可能被迫背井離鄉(xiāng)，遷往內(nèi)陸。

Bangladesh is particularly at risk. About 15 million people in the country could become climate refugees if sea levels rise 1 meter. And more than 10% of the country would be underwater.

孟加拉國(guó)尤其面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。如果海平面上升1米，該國(guó)大約1500萬(wàn)人可能成為氣候難民。超過(guò)10%的國(guó)土將被淹沒(méi)。

Some of the people who are displaced might not have anywhere to go. They're not protected by international laws, so industrialized countries aren't legally obligated to grant them asylum.

一些流離失所的人可能無(wú)處可去。他們不受國(guó)際法保護(hù)，因此工業(yè)化國(guó)家沒(méi)有法律義務(wù)給予他們庇護(hù)。

It can put some islands underwater

它能把一些島嶼淹沒(méi)

If sea levels continue to rise at a rapid rate, some remote island nations would be at risk of disappearing, including Tuvalu, the Maldives and the Marshall Islands.

如果海平面繼續(xù)快速上升，一些偏遠(yuǎn)的島國(guó)將面臨消失的危險(xiǎn)，包括圖瓦盧、馬爾代夫和馬紹爾群島。

It can diminish drinking water

它會(huì)減少飲用水

Millions of people depend on glaciers for drinking water, particularly in the Hindu Kush Himalayan region and the Andes Mountains.

數(shù)百萬(wàn)人依賴冰川獲取飲用水，特別是在興都庫(kù)什喜馬拉雅地區(qū)和安第斯山脈。

In dry climates near mountains, glaciers collect freshwater and store it as ice during colder months. When summer comes along, the ice melts and runs off into rivers and streams, providing drinking water.

在靠近山脈的干燥氣候中，冰川收集淡水，并在較冷的月份以冰的形式儲(chǔ)存起來(lái)。當(dāng)夏天來(lái)臨，冰融化，流入河流和小溪，提供了飲用水。

It can threaten our food supply

它可以威脅我們的食物供應(yīng)

Rising sea levels contribute to warmer global temperatures, changing what kinds of crops farmers can grow. Some climates will become too hot for what farmers are growing now. Other climates will see more flooding, more snow or more moisture in the air, also limiting what can be grown.

海平面上升導(dǎo)致全球氣溫上升，改變了農(nóng)民可以種植的農(nóng)作物種類。有些氣候使農(nóng)民現(xiàn)在種植的作物來(lái)說(shuō)會(huì)變得太熱。在其他氣候條件下，將會(huì)有更多的洪水、更多的雪或更多的空氣濕度，也會(huì)限制作物的生長(zhǎng)。

It can cause a health crisis

它會(huì)導(dǎo)致健康危機(jī)

As sea levels rise, coastal communities are more susceptible to flooding.

隨著海平面上升，沿海社區(qū)更容易受到洪水的影響。

Floods can cause massive amounts of untreated sewage to flow into rivers, streams, streets and even homes. That pollutes sources of water, harms wildlife and helps spread diseases.

洪水會(huì)導(dǎo)致大量未經(jīng)處理的污水流入河流、小溪、街道甚至家庭。污染水源，危害野生動(dòng)物，并有助于傳播疾病。

It can change life as we know it

它可以改變我們所知道的生活

Those massive white surfaces work to reflect rays from the sun back into the environment, keeping temperatures mild. As more and more glaciers melt, energy from the sun will instead be absorbed into the ocean. As the oceans get warmer, global temperatures become hotter and cause even more glaciers to melt. That creates a cycle that amplifies the climate crisis, Briner said.

這些巨大的白色表面可以將太陽(yáng)光反射回環(huán)境中，保持溫和的溫度。隨著越來(lái)越多的冰川融化，來(lái)自太陽(yáng)的能量將被吸收到海洋中。隨著海洋變暖，全球溫度變得越來(lái)越高，導(dǎo)致更多的冰川融化。布里納說(shuō)，這就形成了一個(gè)加劇氣候危機(jī)的循環(huán)。