每日一詞：中小企業(yè)發(fā)展指數(shù) Small and Medium Enterprises Development Index（SMEDI）

中國(guó)中小企業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)最新數(shù)據(jù)顯示，1月份，中小企業(yè)發(fā)展指數(shù)（SMEDI）為88.9，比上月回升1個(gè)點(diǎn)，扭轉(zhuǎn)了去年初以來(lái)持續(xù)震蕩下行態(tài)勢(shì)，上升幅度達(dá)到近兩年來(lái)最高。
The Small and Medium Enterprises Development Index came in at 88.9 last month, reversing a downward trend, according to the China Association of Small and Medium Enterprises. The figure was up 1 point from December 2022, the largest increase over the past two years.
   
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】
中小企業(yè)發(fā)展指數(shù)是反映中小企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行狀況的綜合指數(shù)，通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)八大行業(yè)的3000家中小企業(yè)進(jìn)行調(diào)查，利用中小企業(yè)對(duì)本行業(yè)運(yùn)行和企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)狀況的判斷和預(yù)期數(shù)據(jù)編制而成，是反映中小企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行狀況的綜合指數(shù)。該指數(shù)的取值范圍為0-200之間：100為指數(shù)的景氣臨界值，表明經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況變化不大；100-200為景氣區(qū)間，表明經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況趨于上升或改善，越接近200景氣度越高；0-100為不景氣區(qū)間，表明經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況趨于下降或惡化，越接近0景氣度越低。
今年1月，中小企業(yè)發(fā)展指數(shù)比上月回升1個(gè)點(diǎn)，雖然仍在景氣臨界值100以下，但上升幅度達(dá)到近兩年來(lái)最高。其中，分行業(yè)指數(shù)和分項(xiàng)指數(shù)均全面回升。八個(gè)行業(yè)指數(shù)中，交通運(yùn)輸郵政倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)業(yè)、住宿餐飲業(yè)等接觸性聚集性行業(yè)上升明顯，分別比上月上升1.7和1.8點(diǎn)，升幅最大；工業(yè)、交通運(yùn)輸郵政倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)業(yè)、批發(fā)零售業(yè)和社會(huì)服務(wù)業(yè)指數(shù)止跌回升；建筑業(yè)指數(shù)由平轉(zhuǎn)升；房地產(chǎn)、信息傳輸計(jì)算機(jī)服務(wù)軟件業(yè)和住宿餐飲業(yè)指數(shù)連續(xù)兩個(gè)月上升。分項(xiàng)目指數(shù)中，反映企業(yè)信心狀況的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)感受指數(shù)為98.7，比上月上升2.1點(diǎn)。成本指數(shù)和投入指數(shù)連續(xù)兩個(gè)月上升，綜合經(jīng)營(yíng)指數(shù)、市場(chǎng)指數(shù)、勞動(dòng)力指數(shù)、資金指數(shù)和效益指數(shù)止跌回升。但也要看到，部分中小企業(yè)仍面臨生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)困難和結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)等問(wèn)題，要持續(xù)優(yōu)化民營(yíng)企業(yè)發(fā)展環(huán)境，推動(dòng)中小企業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。
 
【重要講話】
優(yōu)化民營(yíng)企業(yè)發(fā)展環(huán)境，依法保護(hù)民營(yíng)企業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)和企業(yè)家權(quán)益，促進(jìn)民營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展壯大。完善中國(guó)特色現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度，弘揚(yáng)企業(yè)家精神，加快建設(shè)世界一流企業(yè)。支持中小微企業(yè)發(fā)展。
We will provide an enabling environment for private enterprises, protect their property rights and the rights and interests of entrepreneurs in accordance with the law, and facilitate the growth of the private sector. We will improve the modern corporate system with distinctive Chinese features, encourage entrepreneurship, and move faster to help Chinese companies become world-class outfits. We will support the development of micro, small, and medium enterprises.
——2022年10月16日，習(xí)近平在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨第二十次全國(guó)代表大會(huì)上的報(bào)告
 
【函電賀詞】
中小企業(yè)聯(lián)系千家萬(wàn)戶，是推動(dòng)創(chuàng)新、促進(jìn)就業(yè)、改善民生的重要力量。希望專(zhuān)精特新中小企業(yè)聚焦主業(yè)，精耕細(xì)作，在提升產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈穩(wěn)定性、推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮更加重要的作用。
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are important to each household and have been a vital force to advance innovation, facilitate employment and improve people's livelihood. I hope that the specialized and sophisticated SMEs that produce novel and unique products could focus on and refine their main business so as to play an even more important role in stabilizing the industrial and supply chains and promoting economic and social development.
——2022年9月8日，習(xí)近平向2022全國(guó)專(zhuān)精特新中小企業(yè)發(fā)展大會(huì)致賀信
 
【相關(guān)詞匯】
中小企業(yè)
small and medium-sized enterprises
分項(xiàng)指數(shù)
sub-index
結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)
structural upgrading